Chuck Nice

Hey, Neil.

Yes, I was.

Thank you.

Interesting one.

If you think for centuries, science has at times aligned with and fought against religion, government, establishment, and even itself.

But when the sticky-up nail confronts historic theories and shouts change, it gets hammered.

So who were these histories' confrontationists, the groundbreakers of science and medicine, the ones whom we owe so much?

All right, with that said, let's bring on our guest now.

Oh, okay.

So when do you think we started to establish, we being the obviously main scientists of the day, began to establish that structure to enable them to think with rigor about the things that they were proposing?

But that's one of the main mechanisms of...

pharmaceutical right now.

Creating this sub-industry, creating that lobby, but you can copy and paste out the subject matter and it still has that dynamic.

So we still haven't quite, pun intended, cured ourselves of it.

But the rate of failure for new drugs is amazingly high.

So, Matt, you mentioned a couple of places around Europe, but there's that big example in Vienna, in the General Hospital in the 1880s, where they had a 15%...

21%.

Childbed fever.

And it was still sort of practicing this Hippocratic method.

And yet someone comes along and becomes that very different thinking outlier, but has to go against the machinery of the establishment.