Dr. Robert Lustig

fat depot number one subcutaneous or big butt fat as in does this bathing suit make me look fat never answer that question total loser okay guaranteed okay now here's the question how many pounds of subcutaneous fat do you have to gain before you get sick oh I'd love to know. About 22 on average. 10 kilos.

fat depot number one subcutaneous or big butt fat as in does this bathing suit make me look fat never answer that question total loser okay guaranteed okay now here's the question how many pounds of subcutaneous fat do you have to gain before you get sick oh I'd love to know. About 22 on average. 10 kilos.

Now, why so much? The answer is because subcutaneous fat does not drain into the liver. Subcutaneous fat drains into the heart. So when subcutaneous fat accumulates, The border of the fat vacuole in the fat cell starts to break down. The grease gets spilled. The macrophages come in to clean up the grease. They release the cytokines.

Now, why so much? The answer is because subcutaneous fat does not drain into the liver. Subcutaneous fat drains into the heart. So when subcutaneous fat accumulates, The border of the fat vacuole in the fat cell starts to break down. The grease gets spilled. The macrophages come in to clean up the grease. They release the cytokines.

Now, why so much? The answer is because subcutaneous fat does not drain into the liver. Subcutaneous fat drains into the heart. So when subcutaneous fat accumulates, The border of the fat vacuole in the fat cell starts to break down. The grease gets spilled. The macrophages come in to clean up the grease. They release the cytokines.

The cytokines then circulate in the peripheral bloodstream, which is six liters. And so the concentration doesn't go up very high. And so the liver doesn't see a very high concentration of these cytokines. And it's the concentration of cytokines that the liver sees that determines whether or not the liver gets sick. So about 22 pounds. All right, fat depot number two, visceral fat, belly fat.

The cytokines then circulate in the peripheral bloodstream, which is six liters. And so the concentration doesn't go up very high. And so the liver doesn't see a very high concentration of these cytokines. And it's the concentration of cytokines that the liver sees that determines whether or not the liver gets sick. So about 22 pounds. All right, fat depot number two, visceral fat, belly fat.

The cytokines then circulate in the peripheral bloodstream, which is six liters. And so the concentration doesn't go up very high. And so the liver doesn't see a very high concentration of these cytokines. And it's the concentration of cytokines that the liver sees that determines whether or not the liver gets sick. So about 22 pounds. All right, fat depot number two, visceral fat, belly fat.

Yeah. The visceral fat. It's cool. How many pounds or kilos of visceral fat do you have to gain before you get sick? I would guess it's probably less than 22. Five. Five. Maybe six. Okay, 22 for sub-Q fat because it drained into the general circulation. Five or six for the visceral fat because it drains into the portal vein. The portal vein goes straight to the liver.

Yeah. The visceral fat. It's cool. How many pounds or kilos of visceral fat do you have to gain before you get sick? I would guess it's probably less than 22. Five. Five. Maybe six. Okay, 22 for sub-Q fat because it drained into the general circulation. Five or six for the visceral fat because it drains into the portal vein. The portal vein goes straight to the liver.

Yeah. The visceral fat. It's cool. How many pounds or kilos of visceral fat do you have to gain before you get sick? I would guess it's probably less than 22. Five. Five. Maybe six. Okay, 22 for sub-Q fat because it drained into the general circulation. Five or six for the visceral fat because it drains into the portal vein. The portal vein goes straight to the liver.

So if your visceral fat accumulates and you start breaking down that fat vacuole and the grease starts spilling and the macrophages start coming in, Those cytokines are going to be at much higher concentration because they only have to populate the portal system, the portal vein, from the gut to the liver. There are two portal systems in your body. What's a portal system?

So if your visceral fat accumulates and you start breaking down that fat vacuole and the grease starts spilling and the macrophages start coming in, Those cytokines are going to be at much higher concentration because they only have to populate the portal system, the portal vein, from the gut to the liver. There are two portal systems in your body. What's a portal system?

So if your visceral fat accumulates and you start breaking down that fat vacuole and the grease starts spilling and the macrophages start coming in, Those cytokines are going to be at much higher concentration because they only have to populate the portal system, the portal vein, from the gut to the liver. There are two portal systems in your body. What's a portal system?

Exactly. So that's right. What does it drain? So normally... The way blood goes in your body, it goes heart, aorta, artery, organ, vein, vena cava, heart. Okay. That's called a systemic circulation. A portal circulation goes like this, heart, aorta, Artery 1, organ 1, artery 2, organ 2, vena cava, heart. So the blood has to go through two organs to come back to the heart.

Exactly. So that's right. What does it drain? So normally... The way blood goes in your body, it goes heart, aorta, artery, organ, vein, vena cava, heart. Okay. That's called a systemic circulation. A portal circulation goes like this, heart, aorta, Artery 1, organ 1, artery 2, organ 2, vena cava, heart. So the blood has to go through two organs to come back to the heart.

Exactly. So that's right. What does it drain? So normally... The way blood goes in your body, it goes heart, aorta, artery, organ, vein, vena cava, heart. Okay. That's called a systemic circulation. A portal circulation goes like this, heart, aorta, Artery 1, organ 1, artery 2, organ 2, vena cava, heart. So the blood has to go through two organs to come back to the heart.

And there's information being carried from organ 1 to organ 2, which tells organ 2 what to do. So there are two portal systems in the body. One is the hypothalamus to pituitary. We know why that is because that runs all the different hormonal systems of the body. And the other one's pancreas to liver because the liver is the primary target of insulin action.

And there's information being carried from organ 1 to organ 2, which tells organ 2 what to do. So there are two portal systems in the body. One is the hypothalamus to pituitary. We know why that is because that runs all the different hormonal systems of the body. And the other one's pancreas to liver because the liver is the primary target of insulin action.

And there's information being carried from organ 1 to organ 2, which tells organ 2 what to do. So there are two portal systems in the body. One is the hypothalamus to pituitary. We know why that is because that runs all the different hormonal systems of the body. And the other one's pancreas to liver because the liver is the primary target of insulin action.