Hamilton Morris

Yeah. Well, the interesting thing about placebo or expectation is that these factors exist even in the presence of an active substance. So people always talk about placebo as if those factors only exist when you give somebody a sugar pill or something that's pharmacologically inactive. But those same

Yeah. Well, the interesting thing about placebo or expectation is that these factors exist even in the presence of an active substance. So people always talk about placebo as if those factors only exist when you give somebody a sugar pill or something that's pharmacologically inactive. But those same

So expectation effects apply even in the presence of a pharmacologically active substance, which can make it very difficult to interpret clinical trial results. I mean, this is why anytime you're working with the human mind in that way, there's so many complicating factors that have to be taken into consideration.

So expectation effects apply even in the presence of a pharmacologically active substance, which can make it very difficult to interpret clinical trial results. I mean, this is why anytime you're working with the human mind in that way, there's so many complicating factors that have to be taken into consideration.

So expectation effects apply even in the presence of a pharmacologically active substance, which can make it very difficult to interpret clinical trial results. I mean, this is why anytime you're working with the human mind in that way, there's so many complicating factors that have to be taken into consideration.

So is it possible that their pharmaceutical cocaine was vastly superior to whatever street cocaine they were getting at that time, which maybe was methamphetamine? It's possible. Or it's possible that the idea of a hyper pure pharmaceutical product allowed them to experience it differently.

So is it possible that their pharmaceutical cocaine was vastly superior to whatever street cocaine they were getting at that time, which maybe was methamphetamine? It's possible. Or it's possible that the idea of a hyper pure pharmaceutical product allowed them to experience it differently.

So is it possible that their pharmaceutical cocaine was vastly superior to whatever street cocaine they were getting at that time, which maybe was methamphetamine? It's possible. Or it's possible that the idea of a hyper pure pharmaceutical product allowed them to experience it differently.

Right, and so the hypothesis that this ethnobotanist Wade Davis had was, just for those that aren't familiar, that using a combination of this puffer fish toxin, TTX, and scopolamine, you could effectively convince somebody that they had died and been revived as a zombie. And people outside of Haiti were very skeptical of this claim because it wouldn't work on you. It wouldn't work on me.

Right, and so the hypothesis that this ethnobotanist Wade Davis had was, just for those that aren't familiar, that using a combination of this puffer fish toxin, TTX, and scopolamine, you could effectively convince somebody that they had died and been revived as a zombie. And people outside of Haiti were very skeptical of this claim because it wouldn't work on you. It wouldn't work on me.

Right, and so the hypothesis that this ethnobotanist Wade Davis had was, just for those that aren't familiar, that using a combination of this puffer fish toxin, TTX, and scopolamine, you could effectively convince somebody that they had died and been revived as a zombie. And people outside of Haiti were very skeptical of this claim because it wouldn't work on you. It wouldn't work on me.

Why are we supposed to expect that it's going to work on them? And Wade Davis's counterargument was that the effect of a drug is not just pure pharmacology, but it's dependent on the cultural matrix in which the drug is consumed. And if you administer this drug in a culture where people believe in zombies...

Why are we supposed to expect that it's going to work on them? And Wade Davis's counterargument was that the effect of a drug is not just pure pharmacology, but it's dependent on the cultural matrix in which the drug is consumed. And if you administer this drug in a culture where people believe in zombies...

Why are we supposed to expect that it's going to work on them? And Wade Davis's counterargument was that the effect of a drug is not just pure pharmacology, but it's dependent on the cultural matrix in which the drug is consumed. And if you administer this drug in a culture where people believe in zombies...

and believe in resuscitation and believe in all of these things that you can induce this effect. And I think it's inadequately studied. There really isn't a lot of corroborating evidence. It hasn't been tested.

and believe in resuscitation and believe in all of these things that you can induce this effect. And I think it's inadequately studied. There really isn't a lot of corroborating evidence. It hasn't been tested.

and believe in resuscitation and believe in all of these things that you can induce this effect. And I think it's inadequately studied. There really isn't a lot of corroborating evidence. It hasn't been tested.

How do you study that? You know, you'd have to go back and spend more time with voodoo practitioners and take more samples and really critically evaluate it. But I think that it's inadequately documented to say with certainty that this was a widespread phenomenon. I think that fundamentally Wade Davis's hypothesis is plausible. I wouldn't go so far as to say- What was his hypothesis?

How do you study that? You know, you'd have to go back and spend more time with voodoo practitioners and take more samples and really critically evaluate it. But I think that it's inadequately documented to say with certainty that this was a widespread phenomenon. I think that fundamentally Wade Davis's hypothesis is plausible. I wouldn't go so far as to say- What was his hypothesis?

How do you study that? You know, you'd have to go back and spend more time with voodoo practitioners and take more samples and really critically evaluate it. But I think that it's inadequately documented to say with certainty that this was a widespread phenomenon. I think that fundamentally Wade Davis's hypothesis is plausible. I wouldn't go so far as to say- What was his hypothesis?