Paul Tough

So I'd never heard of this test before. It's called the knapsack test. But apparently it's pretty common in psychology and computer science. You give a kid a backpack. In this case, it's a virtual backpack. And it's just this kind of game. You give them a bunch of different things of different weights and prices.

So I'd never heard of this test before. It's called the knapsack test. But apparently it's pretty common in psychology and computer science. You give a kid a backpack. In this case, it's a virtual backpack. And it's just this kind of game. You give them a bunch of different things of different weights and prices.

And you say, what's the best way to pack this backpack to get the most value of stuff into it? So it's a little sort of logical puzzle. And these researchers in Australia gave this test to a bunch of young adults. And they tested how well they did when they were on stimulant medication and how well they did when they were not.

And you say, what's the best way to pack this backpack to get the most value of stuff into it? So it's a little sort of logical puzzle. And these researchers in Australia gave this test to a bunch of young adults. And they tested how well they did when they were on stimulant medication and how well they did when they were not.

And you say, what's the best way to pack this backpack to get the most value of stuff into it? So it's a little sort of logical puzzle. And these researchers in Australia gave this test to a bunch of young adults. And they tested how well they did when they were on stimulant medication and how well they did when they were not.

And what they found was that when they were on stimulant medication, they, from the outside, looked to be doing much better. They were working more quickly. They were more diligent. They were more focused. But when they looked at the results of how well they were doing on the SNAP-SAC test, they weren't doing any better.

And what they found was that when they were on stimulant medication, they, from the outside, looked to be doing much better. They were working more quickly. They were more diligent. They were more focused. But when they looked at the results of how well they were doing on the SNAP-SAC test, they weren't doing any better.

And what they found was that when they were on stimulant medication, they, from the outside, looked to be doing much better. They were working more quickly. They were more diligent. They were more focused. But when they looked at the results of how well they were doing on the SNAP-SAC test, they weren't doing any better.

And what they saw was that that was because they weren't actually making better decisions. They were just sort of randomly pulling things in and out of their backpack instead of focusing on it. So what I think some researchers believe is that this is a clue to why sometimes behavior in the classroom can improve on stimulant medication, but academic results don't.

And what they saw was that that was because they weren't actually making better decisions. They were just sort of randomly pulling things in and out of their backpack instead of focusing on it. So what I think some researchers believe is that this is a clue to why sometimes behavior in the classroom can improve on stimulant medication, but academic results don't.

And what they saw was that that was because they weren't actually making better decisions. They were just sort of randomly pulling things in and out of their backpack instead of focusing on it. So what I think some researchers believe is that this is a clue to why sometimes behavior in the classroom can improve on stimulant medication, but academic results don't.

It's possible that these stimulants make you sit still and behave better, but they're not actually helping your brain process information better.

It's possible that these stimulants make you sit still and behave better, but they're not actually helping your brain process information better.

It's possible that these stimulants make you sit still and behave better, but they're not actually helping your brain process information better.

So James Swanson, the researcher who helped lead the MTA study, one data point that he really focuses on in thinking about this as a long-term treatment rather than a short-term one is that in the original MTA study, when young people took stimulant medication over the course of years, it had an effect on their growth, on their physical growth, on their height, that the kids who had consistently taken Ritalin were about an inch shorter than the kids who had not.

So James Swanson, the researcher who helped lead the MTA study, one data point that he really focuses on in thinking about this as a long-term treatment rather than a short-term one is that in the original MTA study, when young people took stimulant medication over the course of years, it had an effect on their growth, on their physical growth, on their height, that the kids who had consistently taken Ritalin were about an inch shorter than the kids who had not.

So James Swanson, the researcher who helped lead the MTA study, one data point that he really focuses on in thinking about this as a long-term treatment rather than a short-term one is that in the original MTA study, when young people took stimulant medication over the course of years, it had an effect on their growth, on their physical growth, on their height, that the kids who had consistently taken Ritalin were about an inch shorter than the kids who had not.

And so Swanson and the other MTA researchers have continued to study this group through adolescence and even into adulthood.

And so Swanson and the other MTA researchers have continued to study this group through adolescence and even into adulthood.

And so Swanson and the other MTA researchers have continued to study this group through adolescence and even into adulthood.