Zach Bleemer

It's worth thinking a little bit about where this term is coming from.

It's worth thinking a little bit about where this term is coming from.

It's worth thinking a little bit about where this term is coming from.

What we've seen in states that have banned affirmative action is that some schools have basically no effect in terms of their Black and Hispanic enrollment due to a cascade effect. So UC Berkeley doesn't have an affirmative action program. They might not get into Berkeley, but they're still going to go to college somewhere.

What we've seen in states that have banned affirmative action is that some schools have basically no effect in terms of their Black and Hispanic enrollment due to a cascade effect. So UC Berkeley doesn't have an affirmative action program. They might not get into Berkeley, but they're still going to go to college somewhere.

What we've seen in states that have banned affirmative action is that some schools have basically no effect in terms of their Black and Hispanic enrollment due to a cascade effect. So UC Berkeley doesn't have an affirmative action program. They might not get into Berkeley, but they're still going to go to college somewhere.

And so if you look at the least selective schools, they actually gain in Black and Hispanic enrollment.

And so if you look at the least selective schools, they actually gain in Black and Hispanic enrollment.

And so if you look at the least selective schools, they actually gain in Black and Hispanic enrollment.

Hey, thanks for having us.

Hey, thanks for having us.

Hey, thanks for having us.

So admitting students on the basis of parental income is a lot more expensive than admitting students on the basis of race for schools that are trying to provide financial aid to meet or close to meeting students' financial need as defined by a federal expected family contribution.

So admitting students on the basis of parental income is a lot more expensive than admitting students on the basis of race for schools that are trying to provide financial aid to meet or close to meeting students' financial need as defined by a federal expected family contribution.

So admitting students on the basis of parental income is a lot more expensive than admitting students on the basis of race for schools that are trying to provide financial aid to meet or close to meeting students' financial need as defined by a federal expected family contribution.

And the reason these things aren't so closely paired to each other is that when it comes to academic preparation, they're kind of additive in the way they contribute to student preparation. So what I mean by that is if you're lower income, you have lower SAT scores than if you're higher income. That's true overall, but it's also true within race.

And the reason these things aren't so closely paired to each other is that when it comes to academic preparation, they're kind of additive in the way they contribute to student preparation. So what I mean by that is if you're lower income, you have lower SAT scores than if you're higher income. That's true overall, but it's also true within race.

And the reason these things aren't so closely paired to each other is that when it comes to academic preparation, they're kind of additive in the way they contribute to student preparation. So what I mean by that is if you're lower income, you have lower SAT scores than if you're higher income. That's true overall, but it's also true within race.

So if you just look at black applicants to college, lower income black applicants have much lower test scores than higher income black applicants.

So if you just look at black applicants to college, lower income black applicants have much lower test scores than higher income black applicants.