Zeinab Badawi

But interestingly enough, Amun-Ra was believed to reside in Jebel Barkal, which is this mountain which is in northern Sudan territorially and always was. And both the ancient Sudanese and ancient Egyptians believed he resided there.

But interestingly enough, Amun-Ra was believed to reside in Jebel Barkal, which is this mountain which is in northern Sudan territorially and always was. And both the ancient Sudanese and ancient Egyptians believed he resided there.

But interestingly enough, Amun-Ra was believed to reside in Jebel Barkal, which is this mountain which is in northern Sudan territorially and always was. And both the ancient Sudanese and ancient Egyptians believed he resided there.

And when you think about the religious heart of ancient Egypt, Karnak, you know, the temple at Karnak, the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, where the pharaohs were buried, you know, from the New Kingdom onwards. This is very far southern Egypt, a thousand miles away from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. This is much more African Egypt. It is not Cairo.

And when you think about the religious heart of ancient Egypt, Karnak, you know, the temple at Karnak, the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, where the pharaohs were buried, you know, from the New Kingdom onwards. This is very far southern Egypt, a thousand miles away from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. This is much more African Egypt. It is not Cairo.

And when you think about the religious heart of ancient Egypt, Karnak, you know, the temple at Karnak, the Valley of the Kings in Luxor, where the pharaohs were buried, you know, from the New Kingdom onwards. This is very far southern Egypt, a thousand miles away from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. This is much more African Egypt. It is not Cairo.

It is not Alexandria, you know, on the Mediterranean coast, which makes you realize that actually the heart, the beating heart, the religious center of ancient Egypt is was fairly far south in Upper Egypt, going towards the border with northern Sudan.

It is not Alexandria, you know, on the Mediterranean coast, which makes you realize that actually the heart, the beating heart, the religious center of ancient Egypt is was fairly far south in Upper Egypt, going towards the border with northern Sudan.

It is not Alexandria, you know, on the Mediterranean coast, which makes you realize that actually the heart, the beating heart, the religious center of ancient Egypt is was fairly far south in Upper Egypt, going towards the border with northern Sudan.

Abu Simbel was practically, you know, where Ramesses the Great had his statue of himself and his wife, was practically on the border with northern Sudan. So when it comes to the ethnicity of the ancient Egyptians, I think it's actually wrong to say ancient Egypt isn't part of Africa. Ancient Egypt is an African civilization, just as the Kushites are an African civilization.

Abu Simbel was practically, you know, where Ramesses the Great had his statue of himself and his wife, was practically on the border with northern Sudan. So when it comes to the ethnicity of the ancient Egyptians, I think it's actually wrong to say ancient Egypt isn't part of Africa. Ancient Egypt is an African civilization, just as the Kushites are an African civilization.

Abu Simbel was practically, you know, where Ramesses the Great had his statue of himself and his wife, was practically on the border with northern Sudan. So when it comes to the ethnicity of the ancient Egyptians, I think it's actually wrong to say ancient Egypt isn't part of Africa. Ancient Egypt is an African civilization, just as the Kushites are an African civilization.

Depending on which area you look at, depending on which pharaoh you look at in ancient Egypt, their ethnicity, as it were, may vary. The first king of ancient Egypt of the archaic period, the old dynasty, Namaa, you know, would look what you might broadly say is more southern Egyptian, because that's where he came from.

Depending on which area you look at, depending on which pharaoh you look at in ancient Egypt, their ethnicity, as it were, may vary. The first king of ancient Egypt of the archaic period, the old dynasty, Namaa, you know, would look what you might broadly say is more southern Egyptian, because that's where he came from.

Depending on which area you look at, depending on which pharaoh you look at in ancient Egypt, their ethnicity, as it were, may vary. The first king of ancient Egypt of the archaic period, the old dynasty, Namaa, you know, would look what you might broadly say is more southern Egyptian, because that's where he came from.

Later on, you might have pharaohs who perhaps hailed from more of the Mediterranean coast. And right from the start, you know, Egypt had a Mediterranean coast where people would mix with people. with Southern Europe, with Western Asia. And so there was a mixture of people. So the ethnicities of the pharaohs would vary over the centuries.

Later on, you might have pharaohs who perhaps hailed from more of the Mediterranean coast. And right from the start, you know, Egypt had a Mediterranean coast where people would mix with people. with Southern Europe, with Western Asia. And so there was a mixture of people. So the ethnicities of the pharaohs would vary over the centuries.

Later on, you might have pharaohs who perhaps hailed from more of the Mediterranean coast. And right from the start, you know, Egypt had a Mediterranean coast where people would mix with people. with Southern Europe, with Western Asia. And so there was a mixture of people. So the ethnicities of the pharaohs would vary over the centuries.

So I wouldn't say that people need to look to Sudan only, Northern Sudan, to get an idea of what an African dynasty looked like. I think we need to redefine what we mean by African. What does an African look like? There isn't a standard look. of an African. So we need to redefine that.

So I wouldn't say that people need to look to Sudan only, Northern Sudan, to get an idea of what an African dynasty looked like. I think we need to redefine what we mean by African. What does an African look like? There isn't a standard look. of an African. So we need to redefine that.