How to treat Brucella Abortus- English version - TvAgro por Juan Gonzalo Angel

Twitter @juangangel Brucella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, named after David Bruce (1855-1931). They are small (0.5 to 0.7 by 0.6 to 1.5 µm), non-encapsulated, flagellated, facultatively intracellular coccobacilli. Brucella is the cause of brucellosis, which is a zoonosis. It is transmitted by ingesting contaminated food (such as unpasteurized milk products), direct contact with an infected animal, or inhalation of aerosols. Transmission from human to human, for example through sexual intercourse or from mother to child, is exceedingly rare, but possible. Minimum infectious exposure is between 10 - 100 organisms. The different species of Brucella are genetically very similar, although each has a slightly different host specificity (see below). Hence, the NCBI taxonomy includes most Brucella species under Brucella melitensis. Brucella abortus is a gram-negative bacterium that is found in cattle populations. This intracellular parasite is a blood borne pathogen that causes premature abortion of a cattle fetus. What makes this bacterium so dangerous is that it is zoonotic, meaning it can be transferred from an animal to a human host and still remain pathogenic. In humans this disease cause both acute and chronic symptoms, but can be treated with antibiotics. Because of this economic effect on the cattle business and the disease potential in humans, the US has spent close to $3.5 billion trying to vaccinate the cattle herds in the US. It is possible for B. abortus to be spread from wild populations of elk and bison into domestic cattle herds and this is why the US government continues to be vigilant in tracking potential cases within herds. Genome structure The B. abortus genome contains 2 circular DNA chromosomes. The first chromosome is 2,124,241 nucleotides long and codes for 2200 genes. The second chromosome is 1,162,204 nucleotides long and codes for 1156 genes. The genome has a GC content of 57%, and 81% of the genome is a coding region. This pathogen is different from many in that it does not contain any plasmids or genomic islands that relate to pathogenicity within its genome,.In addition to lacking these two features, the genome also lacks many other genes that code for common virulence factors including “capsules, fimbriae, exotoxins, cytolysins, resistance forms, antigenic variation, plasmids, or lysogenic phages” . The genes that do encode for virulence in B. abortus are being examined but they are not well enough understood to say for sure what the mode of virulence is for this intracellular pathogen. Vea Mas información en https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucella Juan Gonzalo Angel www.tvagro.tv

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