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每天5分钟,轻松学口语

“等我有空”是When I'm free还是If I'm free?

20 May 2020

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日常生活中,当别人请我们帮个忙,或约我们去逛街吃饭看电影时,我们一时走不开,经常会说“等我有空了”。.....这些中国人彼此心照不宣的客套话要是用英语直白译出来,老外可就误会啦。比如哪天一个外国人要你做什么事,你回答,“I'll take care of it when I am free this afternoon.”结果到了晚上,你要是还没有处理,外国人就会来找你了。你可能会很委屈,“我只是说我有时间的话会处理,又没说我一定会处理。”而其实在外国人眼里,这句话并不是这个意思,而是“你会有时间,你一定会处理”。之所以会出现这种误会,是因为我们对when的理解不到位。when是必然发生(will happen);if是可能发生(might happen)我们说When I'm free,老外会认为是承诺,表示你一定会有时间(抽时间)做某事。我们说If I'm free,则可能有空也可能没空。例:I'll take care of it when I am free this afternoon.(今天下午我有时间,我会处理。)→一定有时间I'll take care of it if I am free this afternoon.(如果我今天下午有时间,我就会处理。)→可能有时间,可能没时间“你有空吗?”英语怎么说?①Do you have a minute?minute在英语中有“分钟,片刻”的意思,所以“a minute”既可以在特定的语境下理解为“一分钟”,也可以理解为“一段时间”,所以问别人“你有空吗”就可以像标题里那样说。例句:Do you have a minute? I need to talk something with you.你有空吗?我想跟你谈点事。②Can you spare some time?spare是当作形容词使用时的意思是“多余的,空闲的”,这时spare time是“业余时间”的意思。当spare作动词来讲有“匀出,抽出”的意思,所以可以使用”Can you spare some time?”问别人“你有空吗?你有时间吗?”例句:Can you spare some time to help me?你可以抽出点时间帮帮我吗?③Are you available?大家都知道available的意思是“可利用的,可获得的,可找到的”,它也可以表示“(人)有空,有时间”。例句:Are you available for a meeting tomorrow?明天你有空参加会议吗?④When do you have time off?首先,have time off是个固定搭配,意思是“休息,有空,放假”,所以说”When do you have time off?”就是问别人“你什么时候有时间,你啥时候有空?”的意思。例句:When do you have time off? I would like to treat you to dinner.你什么时候有空啊?我想请你吃饭。⑤When do you find time to do sth?这个和spare time一样,find time也是“抽出时间、匀出时间”的意思,属于同义表达。例句:When do you find time to listen to me?你什么时候能有时间听我说?

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