这篇文章探讨了微生物组研究的进展，特别是从相关性研究转向因果关系研究的挑战。文章强调了迭代研究策略的重要性，整合了大数据分析与体外、离体和体内模型，以实现从实验室研究到临床应用的转化。文中讨论了当前方法的局限性，例如小样本量研究和对粪便微生物组的过度依赖，并提出了通过多组学方法和先进模型（如类器官和人源化动物模型）来克服这些挑战。最终，该文章旨在弥合小鼠模型研究与人体临床试验之间在微生物组治疗方面的转化鸿沟。References: Turjeman S, Rozera T, Elinav E, et al. From big data and experimental models to clinical trials: Iterative strategies in microbiome research[J]. Cell, 2025, 188(5): 1178-1197.
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