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Anita Arnand

πŸ‘€ Speaker
1099 total appearances

Appearances Over Time

Podcast Appearances

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And at one point, you look in her records and she's forced to call in an Informe de Probeza, a declaration of poverty, which means that she's impoverished and the state has to do something for her or she's going to die.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And then her health is going down the toilet.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

She's been badly beaten trying to save Bolivar.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

So this hip injury recurs.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

She spends her final years in a wheelchair, unable to walk.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And in 1586, Manuela falls desperately ill with diphtheria and she dies at the age of 59.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

Her death is bad and sad.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And her burial is also sad because she had diphtheria.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

There are all these fears of contagion.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

So she's just thrown into a common grave and her possessions are burned and she drifts into obscurity.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

Well, she is.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And it is the Venezuelan government of Hugo Chavez that does this because they exhume what they believe Manuela's remains from Paeta.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And they take them to Caracas and then rebury them, inter her next to Bolivar's grand tomb in the National Pantheon with great pomp and ceremony.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

And also Chavez claiming to be the new Bolivar, if you like.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

Chavez's new Bolivarian project is very much identified with him.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

So of course, all honours to both Bolivar and everybody associated with him.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

By the way, feminists across Latin America come and respect her remains.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

They regard her as a founding mother, a freedom fighter in her own right.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

Yeah, I know she was pretty damn cool.

Empire: World History
357. Liberator of Latin America: Revolutionary Hero Or Dictator? (Part 4)

Let's take a break now.