Ansgar Dietrichs

But basically the point is you then have these combinations of like, okay, this execution client with this proving system

And then in the end, you basically, again, in this example of five, you'd be in a world again where you have like five different types of proofs that could all, and they're all kind of redundant.

They all have different, you know, they're full stack different from each other.

The generally novel thing here is that today you run one execution client, right?

Like there's multiple, of course, and there's multiple consensus client, but you choose one of each.

In this new world, what you can do is you can just verify multiple proofs.

So for example, there's this idea, and again, just to use example numbers, but they seem roughly ballpark right.

You could have a system where you say, I only accept a block if I saw at least three different valid proofs for it.

So I know that there are these five different ones, and I have to have seen at least three of them.

Otherwise, I don't accept the proof.

Except the block.

And so that actually gives you better redundancy because it's kind of almost as if every Ethereum node today would run three different client setups and would basically only accept blocks if they all agree, which of course gives you much better properties than right now we only have the redundancy across nodes, not within a node.

So it's actually, it's a better story, but it's also one we actually have to be intentional so that you don't accidentally collapse any layer of the stack.

Yeah.

And as just a side note, there is this experimental idea.

And of course, in the age of AI, all the timelines collapse.

So who knows, you know, like maybe that's actually even short-term viable.

But this experimental idea of a fully formally verified client.

And you could imagine, right, like an EVM implementation in RISC-V that is fully formally verified to be correct.

In that world, that could basically then, you would no longer need redundancy at that layer of the stack.