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And it's all triggered by biophysics, biochemistry, because of the way the enzyme chews energy, in this case, GTP, how the phosphor leaves the center, that gives the additional kick to the enzyme to leave the center.

Okay.

Usually the parts that matter don't change over time.

Nature conserves the sites of these proteins that are important for its job.

If there's a difference, then we want to know, especially if there's a difference between two cousins.

And we look at the sites that interact with the most important proteins.

parts of this machinery, if we see any difference, we tend to mutate or we revert, we engineer that part, we alter that part because it gives us a clue that there must be something interesting going on here or not.

So now you stripped the machinery down to its parts, and now you're looking at the parts of the parts.

And it depends where you're looking and how you're looking and what you're looking at.

But usually we see up to 70% level conserved identity across all modern versions of

When you travel back in time, the identity decreases.

So elongation likely existed.

We have good reason to think that it existed at the dawn of life.

So you're looking at a 3.8 billion year old mechanism.

And when we look at the ancestors that we resurrect, we see about 40% identity.

So the identity definitely decreases as you go back in time.

But still 60% shared information over 4 billion years.

It's pretty good.

Depends on what you do.

So for initiation, we've also recently published this.