Betül Kaçar

How did first life look like?

And the second is why do we think that over certain periods of geologic time, no significant innovation happened to the degree of leaving no record behind?

So I will tell you the more interesting things for us.

One is the origin of life or what happened following the emergence of life.

How did the first cells look like?

And then pretty much anything that we think shaped the environment and was shaped by the environment in a way that impacted the entire planet that enabled you and I to have this conversation.

We have very little understanding of the biological innovations that took place in the past of this planet.

We work with a very limited set of, I don't want to even say data because they are fossil records.

So let's say imprints, either that comes from the rock and the rock record itself.

Or what I just described, these trees that we create and whatever we can infer about the past.

So we have two distinct ways that comes from geology and biology, and they each have their limitations.

Even further.

And I like that you said fog.

It is pretty foggy.

And it gets foggier and foggier the further you try to see into the past.

Biology is, you basically study the survivors, broadly speaking.

And you're trying to put together their history based on whatever you can recover today.

What makes biology fascinating also led its progress.

it erased its own history in a way, right?

So you work with this four billion year product, that's genome, that's the DNA.