Carl Robichaud

So he was making money faster than he could responsibly give it away.

So he decided to found a bunch of institutions.

He was incredibly prolific.

He founded the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Council on Ethics and a Foundation on Teaching.

But the main continuation of his philanthropic vision was to be housed at the Carnegie Corporation of New York.

And it's a grant-making foundation.

It's made a couple billion dollars of grants over the years and has an endowment that they continue to allocate for education, for peace, and for citizenship, which were Andrew Carnegie's main passions in life.

Yeah, and I think that's right.

Well, so this is an interesting story because for many years, we took away the wrong lessons from the Cuban Missile Crisis, I believe.

So you have this crisis that stretched over 13 days, and it was this high-stakes brinksmanship, and there were a lot of opportunities for both human and technical error.

But the crux of it comes down to the 27th of October in 1962.

which is known as Black Saturday.

And in my view, this is the closest the world has ever come to nuclear catastrophe.

It's also my wife's birthday.

So I made the mistake once of pointing that out.

And don't do that anymore.

But I also think of it as the day that we survived nuclear catastrophe.

So you could celebrate that every year.

On that day, you have this incredible series of events.

I mean, the day starts with Castro writing to Khrushchev and encouraging him to use nuclear weapons against the United States.