Charles Liu

That's right.

Right now, the odds are there is not going to be a big rip.

Really?

Because of the necessity, the condition that a big rip requires, as far as we know, this idea of phantom energy being the dark energy component of the universe.

And that would imply that we should see negative energy particles popping out in the universe, like randomly being generated.

Do they have negative gravity?

They would have negative gravity.

They would be able to push space forward.

The Alcubierre warp drive, for example, could be found.

All those kinds of things.

We could make wormholes.

That is another possibility.

But we don't see them.

We haven't seen a single wormhole.

We haven't seen a single white hole.

So the existence of those things has not yet been confirmed and appears to be contradicted or refuted by the fact that we don't see these things.

That phantom energy is not what dark energy actually is.

But that's just the opposite of in math.

Yeah, I have no idea, but I'll tell you something else that's been really interesting.

Maybe we can save this for later in the show if there are other questions regarding this.