Clarence Lang

Sure, I mean, there are internal dynamics that are occurring, but then there are also other organizations in the late 1960s and into the early 1970s that are modeled on precepts, similar and different precepts of black nationalism that emerge.

So there's a proliferation of organizations that occur after Malcolm's death that compete with the Nation of Islam, and after a fashion, or at least parallel that.

And I think that that speaks to the fact that, yes, he's assassinated, so his own particular political project

is cut short, but the ideas endure in different form.

And so Malcolm becomes an inspiration for a number of organizations that emerge.

The Black Panther Organization, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, the Congress of African Peoples, the National Black Political Assembly, the African Liberation Support Committee.

There are tons of organizations and that's not even counting

local organizations that emerged that are inspired by that.

And so, you know, one of the things that Malcolm does, he's successful at doing in the same way that Garvey before him had done earlier in the 20th century, is that he's able to transmit a black nationalist tradition to younger activists who came of age in the 1960s.

So that's a really important thing that he does.

And at the same time, he actually helps to challenge younger activists, to challenge the movement itself, to transcend purely domestic concerns.

So you mentioned his travels abroad, right?

But he pressed activists to think about the civil rights movement as not just simply a civil rights movement, because civil rights is something that a society can give or withhold, but that it was part of a broader human rights movement, particularly among emerging

independent people of color globally, and that black people in the United States should see themselves as part of that and not necessarily a minority in the United States.

And so those were really important interventions that he made that helped to set the template politically, what a lot of black organizing looks like in the late 1960s and into the 1970s and later.

And then lastly, I do want to, you know, this point about he is certainly someone who speaks to the broadest numbers

of black people at the grassroots, that working class majority, because his experiences were very much exemplary of those experiences.

He does indeed.

Yeah.

And I'll just say it this way, that if we think about the political situation in the United States today, my sense is that we will see a very strong resurgence