Daniel Estrin

That's Yale cognitive neuroscientist Nick Turk-Brown. His team showed infants a series of images they'd never seen before while snapping photos of their brains, including the hippocampus.

Tristan Yates is a cognitive neuroscientist at Columbia. The more active the hippocampus was when seeing an image for the first time, the more likely babies were to remember it later, meaning that infants seem to form memories. Whether we can retrieve them later in life remains an open question. For NPR News, I'm Ari Daniel.

Tristan Yates is a cognitive neuroscientist at Columbia. The more active the hippocampus was when seeing an image for the first time, the more likely babies were to remember it later, meaning that infants seem to form memories. Whether we can retrieve them later in life remains an open question. For NPR News, I'm Ari Daniel.

Well, a senior Hamas official told us that mediators were actually holding ceasefire talks with Hamas in the wee hours of the morning Tuesday when these surprise Israeli strikes began. And an Israeli official tells us deception was the point. It began around 2.10 in the morning. Israel launched its first strikes, took about 10 minutes. This happened after weeks of preparations.

Well, a senior Hamas official told us that mediators were actually holding ceasefire talks with Hamas in the wee hours of the morning Tuesday when these surprise Israeli strikes began. And an Israeli official tells us deception was the point. It began around 2.10 in the morning. Israel launched its first strikes, took about 10 minutes. This happened after weeks of preparations.

Well, a senior Hamas official told us that mediators were actually holding ceasefire talks with Hamas in the wee hours of the morning Tuesday when these surprise Israeli strikes began. And an Israeli official tells us deception was the point. It began around 2.10 in the morning. Israel launched its first strikes, took about 10 minutes. This happened after weeks of preparations.

These plans were kept inside a closed circle of the Israeli military. And it came as a surprise to many Israelis and the public, too. Many recently freed hostages spoke out yesterday about this return to war. We counted more than half of the living Israeli hostages recently freed by Hamas, said the move endangered the lives of other hostages still in Gaza.

These plans were kept inside a closed circle of the Israeli military. And it came as a surprise to many Israelis and the public, too. Many recently freed hostages spoke out yesterday about this return to war. We counted more than half of the living Israeli hostages recently freed by Hamas, said the move endangered the lives of other hostages still in Gaza.

These plans were kept inside a closed circle of the Israeli military. And it came as a surprise to many Israelis and the public, too. Many recently freed hostages spoke out yesterday about this return to war. We counted more than half of the living Israeli hostages recently freed by Hamas, said the move endangered the lives of other hostages still in Gaza.

Well, the old ceasefire deal was struck under the Biden administration, and Israel sees itself as having leeway to try to extract new ceasefire terms under President Trump. That's exactly what Trump's Mideast envoy, Steve Witkoff, tried to do. He presented a proposal last week for new ceasefire terms for Hamas to release more hostages before the talks to end the war began.

Well, the old ceasefire deal was struck under the Biden administration, and Israel sees itself as having leeway to try to extract new ceasefire terms under President Trump. That's exactly what Trump's Mideast envoy, Steve Witkoff, tried to do. He presented a proposal last week for new ceasefire terms for Hamas to release more hostages before the talks to end the war began.

Well, the old ceasefire deal was struck under the Biden administration, and Israel sees itself as having leeway to try to extract new ceasefire terms under President Trump. That's exactly what Trump's Mideast envoy, Steve Witkoff, tried to do. He presented a proposal last week for new ceasefire terms for Hamas to release more hostages before the talks to end the war began.

And Israel said it's returning to war now to pressure Hamas to agree to those terms.

And Israel said it's returning to war now to pressure Hamas to agree to those terms.

And Israel said it's returning to war now to pressure Hamas to agree to those terms.

Well, a Hamas official tells us that the group's main demands still remain. And those main demands are to go back to the original terms of the deal brokered under Biden and to begin discussing the permanent end of the war. You have to understand, A, that in recent months, aid supplies were surging back to Gaza under the ceasefire. And Hamas was beginning to recover.

Well, a Hamas official tells us that the group's main demands still remain. And those main demands are to go back to the original terms of the deal brokered under Biden and to begin discussing the permanent end of the war. You have to understand, A, that in recent months, aid supplies were surging back to Gaza under the ceasefire. And Hamas was beginning to recover.

Well, a Hamas official tells us that the group's main demands still remain. And those main demands are to go back to the original terms of the deal brokered under Biden and to begin discussing the permanent end of the war. You have to understand, A, that in recent months, aid supplies were surging back to Gaza under the ceasefire. And Hamas was beginning to recover.

And Israel saw that Hamas was benefiting from the lack of war. and from talks continuing in recent weeks without giving up more hostages. And so here we are.

And Israel saw that Hamas was benefiting from the lack of war. and from talks continuing in recent weeks without giving up more hostages. And so here we are.