Dave Hone

It's incredible.

It's not overbuilt.

It's evolved that this is the right amount of bone for the stresses and strains for what it's doing and how it's acting.

But you compare it to anything that's not a very large tyrannosaur, and suddenly you see just how much bone has gone into it.

It is a very large...

It's an absolutely large head, but it's a very heavy head with a lot of bone.

And a lot of that bone is there to resist all the forces of all the muscles because it has this giant, super powerful bite, which again, you can see in the teeth.

So the bone and the muscles kind of evolved together.

So one of the big things Tyrannosaurs have, and this goes all the way down to the earliest Tyrannosaurs were like our size.

Like little ditty things, like two, three meters long, be a meter and a half tall.

But they have fused nasals.

So the pair of bones that in us, there's not a lot there, but obviously in something like a dog or something like a baboon with a long nose, it's like the whole top of the snout.

And there's two, one each side.

In tyrannosaurs, they fuse together.

So it forms a solid bit of bone.

So the whole top of the nose is solid.

And then that makes the skull just fundamentally more rigid and able to take more power through it.

The very early ones weren't super biters, I suspect, but they do have the little flattened teeth at the front.

So I strongly suspect...

the fused nasals at least originally is for resisting that.