David Olson

They are high up in the troposphere, you know, floating on moats of dust. There are microbes that have been found in like gold mines in South Africa. And they're probably also on the food itself, whether that's flour, whether that's a cabbage on any given food.

They are high up in the troposphere, you know, floating on moats of dust. There are microbes that have been found in like gold mines in South Africa. And they're probably also on the food itself, whether that's flour, whether that's a cabbage on any given food.

They are high up in the troposphere, you know, floating on moats of dust. There are microbes that have been found in like gold mines in South Africa. And they're probably also on the food itself, whether that's flour, whether that's a cabbage on any given food.

They are there as a minority population with a lot of other bacteria, soil bacteria, microbes, you know, microbes that might be found in feces or manure from the actual field itself.

They are there as a minority population with a lot of other bacteria, soil bacteria, microbes, you know, microbes that might be found in feces or manure from the actual field itself.

They are there as a minority population with a lot of other bacteria, soil bacteria, microbes, you know, microbes that might be found in feces or manure from the actual field itself.

And it's your job to suppress those microbes immediately by using things like oxygen or an absence of oxygen, more specifically, or salt to make sure that they are tamped down and you give center stage to those lactic acid bacteria.

And it's your job to suppress those microbes immediately by using things like oxygen or an absence of oxygen, more specifically, or salt to make sure that they are tamped down and you give center stage to those lactic acid bacteria.

And it's your job to suppress those microbes immediately by using things like oxygen or an absence of oxygen, more specifically, or salt to make sure that they are tamped down and you give center stage to those lactic acid bacteria.

They will start to... release enzymes into their environment that will break up the carbohydrates in the plant cells themselves and allow them to digest these sugars. Carbohydrates and starch and lots of plant fibers are just stitched together chains of simple sugar molecules like glucose. And so...

They will start to... release enzymes into their environment that will break up the carbohydrates in the plant cells themselves and allow them to digest these sugars. Carbohydrates and starch and lots of plant fibers are just stitched together chains of simple sugar molecules like glucose. And so...

They will start to... release enzymes into their environment that will break up the carbohydrates in the plant cells themselves and allow them to digest these sugars. Carbohydrates and starch and lots of plant fibers are just stitched together chains of simple sugar molecules like glucose. And so...

In the great tree of life, lots of organisms have devised enzymes that snip those daisy chains into their constituent molecules.

In the great tree of life, lots of organisms have devised enzymes that snip those daisy chains into their constituent molecules.

In the great tree of life, lots of organisms have devised enzymes that snip those daisy chains into their constituent molecules.

Then they can grab an easily handable portion of chemical energy in the form of sugar, eat it, and through the process of fermentation, which going back to the textbook microbiology definition, is the metabolism in the absence of oxygen of a sugar molecule into either ethanol or lactic acid.

Then they can grab an easily handable portion of chemical energy in the form of sugar, eat it, and through the process of fermentation, which going back to the textbook microbiology definition, is the metabolism in the absence of oxygen of a sugar molecule into either ethanol or lactic acid.

Then they can grab an easily handable portion of chemical energy in the form of sugar, eat it, and through the process of fermentation, which going back to the textbook microbiology definition, is the metabolism in the absence of oxygen of a sugar molecule into either ethanol or lactic acid.

Yeah. And then when it harvests the chemical energy, energy for its own purposes, what's left over is lact gas.

Yeah. And then when it harvests the chemical energy, energy for its own purposes, what's left over is lact gas.