Dominic Sandbrook

So what has happened is this.

The Ottoman troops have let them come inland.

And then at the point where the Turks might have panicked under the Australian onslaught, they have rallied.

And this is thanks to somebody we've already mentioned in this episode, their frontline commander, Lieutenant Colonel Mustafa Kemal.

So up to this point, as we said, he's an obscure sort of nationalist army officer, born in Salonika.

He's a big drinker.

He's very intense, very driven.

But people haven't heard of him.

And this is the moment where, particularly within the army, he becomes a national hero.

Because at 10 o'clock that morning, Mustafa Kemal is heading towards the front line.

And he sees some of the Turkish troops retreating.

And he says, why are you running away?

Sir, the enemy.

Where?

Over there.

And they point to this place that the Australians end up calling Battleship Hill, about two miles inland, which is where the Australians have got to.

And Mustafa Kemal comes out with this line that becomes...

Part of Turkish nationalist mythology.

He says to his troops, I don't order you to attack.

I order you to die.