Dr. Andrew Huberman

The original dosing schedule for things like Adderall, Vyvanse, et cetera, was during the weekdays but not the weekends.

That somehow has moved to no weekends off.

So there's been a lot of changing in the dosing schedules.

And the way these drugs are taken, are we creating a dependency on these drugs is always a big question.

And the answer seems to be a sort of.

Very few people for whom these drugs work decide to come off them.

There's nothing magical about turning 25, after which you don't need these enhancements, but sometimes people don't need them or need as much of them because the neural circuits can be built up.

One thing that I would like to see more of

is attention to the behavioral tools for ADHD, not the least of which is what's being carried out in many schools and clinics in China where children are being encouraged to teach themselves how to maintain visual focus on a target some distance away from them, which then allows them to maintain cognitive focus when they move to their work.

The relationship between visual focus, as we've talked about a bunch of times tonight, in the case of the cuttlefish, et cetera, and cognitive focus is in...

intimate one, such that if you expect yourself to focus, you can't really expect yourself to drop into focus as an immediate state.

So it's not a square wave function.

You don't just sit down and drop into a state of focus.

We're so attracted to these notions of focus, and we have these concepts like flow.

And by the way, I'm not disparaging of those concepts.

I know Steven Kotler.

I have respect for him and his books.

about flow, but from a neuropsychiatric, neuropsychological standpoint, what we can really say about flow is that backwards spells wolf.

We don't really know that much about it.

And so I think that if you expect yourself to focus, you need to give yourself some warm-up time to focus.