Dr. Bret Contreras

And then what they end up doing is the satellite cells, they have nuclei in them and they fuse and there's steps to it.

I can't remember the exact steps, but they fuse to the muscle cell and they lend their nuclei because muscles are multinucleated.

They don't just have one nuclei, they have multiple nuclei.

And there's this myonuclear domain theory that you're

muscle size is limited by the number of nuclei in it.

So the top responders, say you start out with 50, a muscle cell has, we'll just say 20 nuclei and 20 satellite cells.

I'm going to butcher the hell out of this.

But anyway,

After training for 12 weeks, I think the study looked at training arms two or three times a week.

And some people, like newbies, trained arms like two, three times a week and didn't even gain arm size.

Like these are people that you look at them and you're like, they don't even lift or they don't know what they're doing.

They just might have really poor genetics for growth.

But the best responders, like, you know, I remember one of them like doubled their strength and like,

dramatically increased their size by like maybe like 20, 30, or maybe more.

I can't remember the percent increase in muscle size.

So the non-responders start out with 20 nuclei in the muscles and 20 satellite cells, and they end with 20, 20.

the top responders would end with 30-30, meaning now they have 10 more nuclei, but they also somehow have 10 – like the satellite cells replenish.

Amazing.

They have 10 more satellite cells, and that seems to be a big difference.

There are also like mechano growth factors, a splice variant of IGF-1, I think, and there's like myogenic growth factors that have different names like myoD.