Dr. Darren Candow

Yeah.

Correct, yeah.

Now, small, about 1% or about 0.5 kilograms, there's some potential mechanisms there, but the thought is maybe increase in lean tissue mass, increase energy expenditure.

So a lot of people are very cautious.

They don't want to take creatine because they think it's going to increase fat mass.

What the research is suggesting is increasing lean body mass, potentially decreasing fat mass.

So usually the number on the scale barely changes after you do an intervention, yeah.

If you need a really quick effect, like rehabilitation from an injury, ACL surgery, something where you need to rehabilitate the muscle quickly, or you're an athlete, the loading phase to me is not needed from a muscle perspective.

Now, because we've talked about bone and brain might need a bit more.

So now maybe the new daily loading phase is maybe, you know, five, 10 grams a day or a little bit more.

But that athlete 20 grams a day for seven days, followed by the maintenance that is only ever been shown to have beneficial effects to muscle.

There's been a few studies that have looked at it now from a brain.

But again, that's from a different perspective.

Yeah, it's multifactorial.

The studies that looked at it from a rehabilitation perspective, creatine seemed to increase these things called myogenic transcription factors.

So without boring your audience, these are little guys that sort of tell DNA to sort of increase proteins in a quicker way.

So these myogenic regulatory factors went up during rehabilitation.

And then we did a study when we got individuals to put on a cast, volunteer, and creatine seemed to maintain strength.

Going back to the mechanism, it probably has to do that reduction in protein breakdown or the anti-catabolic, anti-inflammatory effect.

Again, we don't think it has anything from a synthetic perspective because creatine doesn't.