Dr. Guy Maclean Rogers

to the Romans.

Right. You're right. There is an analogy with what went on in Teutoburg. Although the Romans lost a lot more guys in that vault in 9 CE, on the other hand, the Jews had been cooperating with the Romans for a long time, actually arguably since even before the time of Julius Caesar. So I'm sure this was a huge shock for them. And as a result of that,

Right. You're right. There is an analogy with what went on in Teutoburg. Although the Romans lost a lot more guys in that vault in 9 CE, on the other hand, the Jews had been cooperating with the Romans for a long time, actually arguably since even before the time of Julius Caesar. So I'm sure this was a huge shock for them. And as a result of that,

Right. You're right. There is an analogy with what went on in Teutoburg. Although the Romans lost a lot more guys in that vault in 9 CE, on the other hand, the Jews had been cooperating with the Romans for a long time, actually arguably since even before the time of Julius Caesar. So I'm sure this was a huge shock for them. And as a result of that,

Nero, the reigning Roman emperor, felt compelled to give the portfolio the job of quelling what was clearly at this point a nationalist revolt over to another general, this guy Vespasian, who was a very experienced general. And it took Vespasian about a year or so. So into the winter of 67 AD,

Nero, the reigning Roman emperor, felt compelled to give the portfolio the job of quelling what was clearly at this point a nationalist revolt over to another general, this guy Vespasian, who was a very experienced general. And it took Vespasian about a year or so. So into the winter of 67 AD,

Nero, the reigning Roman emperor, felt compelled to give the portfolio the job of quelling what was clearly at this point a nationalist revolt over to another general, this guy Vespasian, who was a very experienced general. And it took Vespasian about a year or so. So into the winter of 67 AD,

to put together a much larger army, an army which ultimately comprised about 60,000 soldiers, again, divided up into legionaries, allies, and auxiliaries. But just so that people can get an idea of the scale of this, although there are differences among the ancient historians, Most ancient historians believe that Alexander the Great went over to Asia Minor in 334 with like 40 or 45,000 soldiers.

to put together a much larger army, an army which ultimately comprised about 60,000 soldiers, again, divided up into legionaries, allies, and auxiliaries. But just so that people can get an idea of the scale of this, although there are differences among the ancient historians, Most ancient historians believe that Alexander the Great went over to Asia Minor in 334 with like 40 or 45,000 soldiers.

to put together a much larger army, an army which ultimately comprised about 60,000 soldiers, again, divided up into legionaries, allies, and auxiliaries. But just so that people can get an idea of the scale of this, although there are differences among the ancient historians, Most ancient historians believe that Alexander the Great went over to Asia Minor in 334 with like 40 or 45,000 soldiers.

So this was a massive army that Vespasian then brought down into the Galilee in the spring of 67. with the intention of ultimately taking it down to Jerusalem.

So this was a massive army that Vespasian then brought down into the Galilee in the spring of 67. with the intention of ultimately taking it down to Jerusalem.

So this was a massive army that Vespasian then brought down into the Galilee in the spring of 67. with the intention of ultimately taking it down to Jerusalem.

Right. He was actually with Nero, who was on a concert tour in Achaea. So he didn't have that far to go. He was in Greece. He was an interesting character. His reputation, both at the time and among modern ancient historians, has always been as a competent, if somewhat intellectually dull, officer.

Right. He was actually with Nero, who was on a concert tour in Achaea. So he didn't have that far to go. He was in Greece. He was an interesting character. His reputation, both at the time and among modern ancient historians, has always been as a competent, if somewhat intellectually dull, officer.

Right. He was actually with Nero, who was on a concert tour in Achaea. So he didn't have that far to go. He was in Greece. He was an interesting character. His reputation, both at the time and among modern ancient historians, has always been as a competent, if somewhat intellectually dull, officer.

But in fact, I think that reputation masks a more complex character, including a character of some degree of sort of ruthlessness and cruelty as well, as he would prove pretty rapidly once he led the invasion force into the Galilee. And so there's a war in the North in 67, in the spring of 67.

But in fact, I think that reputation masks a more complex character, including a character of some degree of sort of ruthlessness and cruelty as well, as he would prove pretty rapidly once he led the invasion force into the Galilee. And so there's a war in the North in 67, in the spring of 67.

But in fact, I think that reputation masks a more complex character, including a character of some degree of sort of ruthlessness and cruelty as well, as he would prove pretty rapidly once he led the invasion force into the Galilee. And so there's a war in the North in 67, in the spring of 67.

And the two big sort of flashpoints were Geotopoda, which we talked about a little bit before, where Josephus was the commander conquered by the Romans after a siege, which lasted somewhere between 38 to 47 days. And then up on the Golan Heights at Gamla, another siege. And just to link this up a little bit with what I had to say about the Spasians. So Gamla is one of these