Dr Jonathan Kentley

This is The Guardian.

As part of it, they'd shave the mouse's stomach and they basically irradiated it with a low energy ruby laser.

But they observed that actually in the mice that they had treated with the laser, they actually regrew their hair much quicker than the other mice.

So that's really where the concept of what at the time was called low-level laser therapy came about.

And since then, it's been built on and built on.

There's a little enzyme called cyclooxygenase that lives in the mitochondria, which is kind of like the energy factory of your cell.

And it absorbs the energy from the light.

and it increases the metabolism of the cells.

So you're producing more ATP, which is kind of like the gasoline or the fuel that your cell needs to run on.

And because of that, you get a lot of downstream effects.

So things like producing new collagen, reduction in inflammatory chemicals in the skin, amongst other things like forming new blood vessels.

We're born with a large amount of collagen and it makes it elastic in our skin, which gives it elasticity and allows it to spring back to its original place.

And as we get older, the balance between production of new collagen and breakdown of old collagen gets tipped.

So with sort of recurrent movements of the face, those lines that would be there, what we call dynamic lines when you're moving, become lines at rest.

So they put a fibroblast, which is the cell that makes collagen, into a petri dish and they shine a light on it.

And that cell produces more collagen, which is great, but you're just shining a light on one single cell.

You have to think where in the skin is that cell.

If you're shining LED light on the skin, you have to get through a few millimetres of skin and epidermis to really get the energy where it needs to be.

So the studies, particularly for anti-aging on the masks, tend to be centered around clinicians doing assessments for wrinkling and hydration and radiance.

There are, to some extent,