Dr. Karolina Westlund

Absolutely. I think if the group is doing well, then everybody's better off. So we used to think that there was just sort of individual selection, but there is a certain amount of group selection also. The individual selection is stronger, but certainly if there's a group that collaborates better, that will do better than the group that isn't collaborating as well.

Absolutely. I think if the group is doing well, then everybody's better off. So we used to think that there was just sort of individual selection, but there is a certain amount of group selection also. The individual selection is stronger, but certainly if there's a group that collaborates better, that will do better than the group that isn't collaborating as well.

Absolutely. I think if the group is doing well, then everybody's better off. So we used to think that there was just sort of individual selection, but there is a certain amount of group selection also. The individual selection is stronger, but certainly if there's a group that collaborates better, that will do better than the group that isn't collaborating as well.

And it's interesting, you've mentioned a few times now the risk of anthropomorphism. And I think that if we look at that as a sort of continuum from anthropomorphism, which we might then define as, you know, thinking that animals are just the same as humans. It's only just that they have some fur, so they're a bit different, but more or less the same.

And it's interesting, you've mentioned a few times now the risk of anthropomorphism. And I think that if we look at that as a sort of continuum from anthropomorphism, which we might then define as, you know, thinking that animals are just the same as humans. It's only just that they have some fur, so they're a bit different, but more or less the same.

And it's interesting, you've mentioned a few times now the risk of anthropomorphism. And I think that if we look at that as a sort of continuum from anthropomorphism, which we might then define as, you know, thinking that animals are just the same as humans. It's only just that they have some fur, so they're a bit different, but more or less the same.

And on the other side is what we might refer to as anthropo-denial. That was a term coined also by Frans de Waal, the one with the Capuchin experiment. where we don't recognize that, in fact, there are commonalities between humans and other animal species. And I think that we, in our sort of fear of anthropomorphism, we have fallen into anthropo-denial.

And on the other side is what we might refer to as anthropo-denial. That was a term coined also by Frans de Waal, the one with the Capuchin experiment. where we don't recognize that, in fact, there are commonalities between humans and other animal species. And I think that we, in our sort of fear of anthropomorphism, we have fallen into anthropo-denial.

And on the other side is what we might refer to as anthropo-denial. That was a term coined also by Frans de Waal, the one with the Capuchin experiment. where we don't recognize that, in fact, there are commonalities between humans and other animal species. And I think that we, in our sort of fear of anthropomorphism, we have fallen into anthropo-denial.

And I think that the answer is probably somewhere in the middle, that we do share lots of commonalities with animals. I think that, for instance...

And I think that the answer is probably somewhere in the middle, that we do share lots of commonalities with animals. I think that, for instance...

And I think that the answer is probably somewhere in the middle, that we do share lots of commonalities with animals. I think that, for instance...

even though our perception of the world might be really different, how we process that information and the types of emotional and mood responses, changes in mood that we get in response to the environment are very much the same, although it will be different stimuli that different animal species pay attention to that are more or less relevant to them, depending on which species it is.

even though our perception of the world might be really different, how we process that information and the types of emotional and mood responses, changes in mood that we get in response to the environment are very much the same, although it will be different stimuli that different animal species pay attention to that are more or less relevant to them, depending on which species it is.

even though our perception of the world might be really different, how we process that information and the types of emotional and mood responses, changes in mood that we get in response to the environment are very much the same, although it will be different stimuli that different animal species pay attention to that are more or less relevant to them, depending on which species it is.

But I think that we've so avoided this topic of anthropomorphism, we've been so afraid of it that we've fallen into the other trap, which is sort of denying that they have anything to do with us.

But I think that we've so avoided this topic of anthropomorphism, we've been so afraid of it that we've fallen into the other trap, which is sort of denying that they have anything to do with us.

But I think that we've so avoided this topic of anthropomorphism, we've been so afraid of it that we've fallen into the other trap, which is sort of denying that they have anything to do with us.

Yeah. So the common house cat that we have today as a pet evolved as a solitary hunter, but that aggregates in social groups, loose social groups. So they sort of hang out together, but it's not this really... cohesive group and they hunt on their own, so they'll eat on their own also. And me as an ethologist, what I tend to do when I look at an animal species is I look at three things.

Yeah. So the common house cat that we have today as a pet evolved as a solitary hunter, but that aggregates in social groups, loose social groups. So they sort of hang out together, but it's not this really... cohesive group and they hunt on their own, so they'll eat on their own also. And me as an ethologist, what I tend to do when I look at an animal species is I look at three things.