Dr. Karolina Westlund

The aloof cat. Yeah. So I think the early life experiences can really shape the type of temperament, if you will, or how sort of vigorously animals respond to changes in the environment.

The aloof cat. Yeah. So I think the early life experiences can really shape the type of temperament, if you will, or how sort of vigorously animals respond to changes in the environment.

The aloof cat. Yeah. So I think the early life experiences can really shape the type of temperament, if you will, or how sort of vigorously animals respond to changes in the environment.

Yeah, I would say that is scent marking.

Yeah, I would say that is scent marking.

Yeah, I would say that is scent marking.

I would think that it's like something you do in your group. You do mutual scent marking, which means that everybody in the group smells more or less the same. So it's a way of sort of greeting and incorporating the others in the group. So there'll be a lot of scent exchange within this type of species living in a group. That would be my guess as to why they do that.

I would think that it's like something you do in your group. You do mutual scent marking, which means that everybody in the group smells more or less the same. So it's a way of sort of greeting and incorporating the others in the group. So there'll be a lot of scent exchange within this type of species living in a group. That would be my guess as to why they do that.

I would think that it's like something you do in your group. You do mutual scent marking, which means that everybody in the group smells more or less the same. So it's a way of sort of greeting and incorporating the others in the group. So there'll be a lot of scent exchange within this type of species living in a group. That would be my guess as to why they do that.

But that's typically not the – because they have like multiple scent glands in the face. And one of them is used to scent mark sort of the inner territory of the face. And this is where they feel really safe. And then they usually have this urine scent marking, which is in the outskirts of the territory.

But that's typically not the – because they have like multiple scent glands in the face. And one of them is used to scent mark sort of the inner territory of the face. And this is where they feel really safe. And then they usually have this urine scent marking, which is in the outskirts of the territory.

But that's typically not the – because they have like multiple scent glands in the face. And one of them is used to scent mark sort of the inner territory of the face. And this is where they feel really safe. And then they usually have this urine scent marking, which is in the outskirts of the territory.

And you might see this if, for instance, you have an indoor cat and they start peeing and you bring out a piece of paper and a layout of your territory. your house or apartment, and you start sort of putting a little ring to where you find the pee, that will give you a lot of information. Because if it's a territorial thing, it will typically be at the edges, at the windows or doors.

And you might see this if, for instance, you have an indoor cat and they start peeing and you bring out a piece of paper and a layout of your territory. your house or apartment, and you start sort of putting a little ring to where you find the pee, that will give you a lot of information. Because if it's a territorial thing, it will typically be at the edges, at the windows or doors.

And you might see this if, for instance, you have an indoor cat and they start peeing and you bring out a piece of paper and a layout of your territory. your house or apartment, and you start sort of putting a little ring to where you find the pee, that will give you a lot of information. Because if it's a territorial thing, it will typically be at the edges, at the windows or doors.

If it's an elimination problem that the cat has, sort of maybe perhaps it hurts when he pees. So then he learns to associate pain with going in the box. And so the box starts representing painful experiences. So he'll start going outside of the box. But that type of behavior will be seen in that context instead.

If it's an elimination problem that the cat has, sort of maybe perhaps it hurts when he pees. So then he learns to associate pain with going in the box. And so the box starts representing painful experiences. So he'll start going outside of the box. But that type of behavior will be seen in that context instead.

If it's an elimination problem that the cat has, sort of maybe perhaps it hurts when he pees. So then he learns to associate pain with going in the box. And so the box starts representing painful experiences. So he'll start going outside of the box. But that type of behavior will be seen in that context instead.

The covering of waste is a way to sort of reduce the risk of infection. I would assume that they also don't eliminate close to where they eat. So if we have a cat in our house, we shouldn't have the litter box next to the food, which I wish I had known where I had my first cat 20 years ago, because she had that very set up with the food right next to the litter box.

The covering of waste is a way to sort of reduce the risk of infection. I would assume that they also don't eliminate close to where they eat. So if we have a cat in our house, we shouldn't have the litter box next to the food, which I wish I had known where I had my first cat 20 years ago, because she had that very set up with the food right next to the litter box.