Dr Katherine Bennell-Pegg

So by going up to the moon long-term, we can understand Earth better.

It's thought the Earth and the Moon form from a collision.

Apollo taught us that because the Moon's moving slowly further away from us.

We can tell from the reflectors we put on there.

So we're formed of the same stuff, but we can't see the early Earth on Earth.

We've got weathering and volcanic activity.

The Moon is frozen in time.

So by understanding the Moon, we know more about the inputs into our climate models and things like that to support early Earths.

We can also look up there for sources like water, which can help us to live off the land up there and to go further afield.

There's a lot of

things we can research up there using the space environment.

Radiation is one of them.

We've already learned a lot about radiation's effects on the human bodies through Artemis I, which flew crash test dummies called phantoms for radiation, women's bodies.

Actual bodies?

Well, it was like crash test dummies of women's bodies to look at how radiation from out there moves through them, which is something we didn't know before.

And that data is already being used to improve

like radiotherapy treatments for women on Earth.

So ultimately, we go up there for science.

We go up there for international cooperation to set the stage to work together in big challenges that we have around the world.

If we look at the International Space Station, which is underpinned Artemis, so the International Space Station is