Dr. Lee Clare

Okay, I mean, Gobekli Tepe itself doesn't date back to the very sort of, you know, neotization is something that happened over a very long period of time. You know, it didn't actually start in the early Holocene.

The sort of components of that package, neolithic package, we often talk about different sort of components in that package, like being settled, like sedentism, or domestication of animals, secondary products like milk and sheep and animal traction.

The sort of components of that package, neolithic package, we often talk about different sort of components in that package, like being settled, like sedentism, or domestication of animals, secondary products like milk and sheep and animal traction.

The sort of components of that package, neolithic package, we often talk about different sort of components in that package, like being settled, like sedentism, or domestication of animals, secondary products like milk and sheep and animal traction.

It's all part of that neotization sort of story, whereby the earliest sort of signs of that sedentism are much earlier than Gobekli Tepe, and they appear in the Levant in the late Paleolithic, in the late Pleistocene. So, you know, we're talking about 15,000, 20,000 years before, present, in fact. So that's the Ice Age, that's still the Ice Age. The late Ice Age, yeah. Right, right.

It's all part of that neotization sort of story, whereby the earliest sort of signs of that sedentism are much earlier than Gobekli Tepe, and they appear in the Levant in the late Paleolithic, in the late Pleistocene. So, you know, we're talking about 15,000, 20,000 years before, present, in fact. So that's the Ice Age, that's still the Ice Age. The late Ice Age, yeah. Right, right.

It's all part of that neotization sort of story, whereby the earliest sort of signs of that sedentism are much earlier than Gobekli Tepe, and they appear in the Levant in the late Paleolithic, in the late Pleistocene. So, you know, we're talking about 15,000, 20,000 years before, present, in fact. So that's the Ice Age, that's still the Ice Age. The late Ice Age, yeah. Right, right.

But of course, Gobekli Tepe comes in about 9,600, 9,500 BC. So at the beginning of the early Holocene, which is a climate amelioration following the end of the Younger Dryas. So the Younger Dryas are the cold, dry phase at the end of the last ice age. And this early Holocene period, of course, that's when things really sort of

But of course, Gobekli Tepe comes in about 9,600, 9,500 BC. So at the beginning of the early Holocene, which is a climate amelioration following the end of the Younger Dryas. So the Younger Dryas are the cold, dry phase at the end of the last ice age. And this early Holocene period, of course, that's when things really sort of

But of course, Gobekli Tepe comes in about 9,600, 9,500 BC. So at the beginning of the early Holocene, which is a climate amelioration following the end of the Younger Dryas. So the Younger Dryas are the cold, dry phase at the end of the last ice age. And this early Holocene period, of course, that's when things really sort of

become much more lush in this area, and you get the first settled communities coming in. And Göbekli Tepe is one of the first, I say one of the first, not the first, there are earlier settled communities in the region, but one of the first settled communities appearing in southeastern parts of Türkiye.

become much more lush in this area, and you get the first settled communities coming in. And Göbekli Tepe is one of the first, I say one of the first, not the first, there are earlier settled communities in the region, but one of the first settled communities appearing in southeastern parts of Türkiye.

become much more lush in this area, and you get the first settled communities coming in. And Göbekli Tepe is one of the first, I say one of the first, not the first, there are earlier settled communities in the region, but one of the first settled communities appearing in southeastern parts of Türkiye.

That's right. Interestingly, from the period before Beklitepe, this sort of epipaleolithic in the late Pleistocene, like in the Younger Dryas, we have very little evidence of human activity in fact. Further to the east in the Tigris region, we have a few sites where we do have like a continuous occupation from the Younger Dryas.

That's right. Interestingly, from the period before Beklitepe, this sort of epipaleolithic in the late Pleistocene, like in the Younger Dryas, we have very little evidence of human activity in fact. Further to the east in the Tigris region, we have a few sites where we do have like a continuous occupation from the Younger Dryas.

That's right. Interestingly, from the period before Beklitepe, this sort of epipaleolithic in the late Pleistocene, like in the Younger Dryas, we have very little evidence of human activity in fact. Further to the east in the Tigris region, we have a few sites where we do have like a continuous occupation from the Younger Dryas.

We already have a settlement actually into the early Holocene and that's sort of continuous whereby with us in Shandong, at the moment, we don't have a site where we have that continuous occupation from the Ice Age into the early Holocene. But yeah, the whole region We have to expect that there were people, there was activity going on there. We just haven't actually found it yet.

We already have a settlement actually into the early Holocene and that's sort of continuous whereby with us in Shandong, at the moment, we don't have a site where we have that continuous occupation from the Ice Age into the early Holocene. But yeah, the whole region We have to expect that there were people, there was activity going on there. We just haven't actually found it yet.

We already have a settlement actually into the early Holocene and that's sort of continuous whereby with us in Shandong, at the moment, we don't have a site where we have that continuous occupation from the Ice Age into the early Holocene. But yeah, the whole region We have to expect that there were people, there was activity going on there. We just haven't actually found it yet.

And I think it's just a question of time with the more intense investigations going on down in the region now in Shannon Wolf. I think we will find the predecessors of Gobekli Tepe.