Dr. Richard Johnson

And so then I, you know, we began to realize that it wasn't just activating the metabolic syndrome. It was also it had these neural effects. So like the brain effects. So when animals start eating fructose, they actually start to forage for food. And that foraging is part of the survival response. So it actually, if you give fructose to an animal, it will start moving around and looking for food.

And so then I, you know, we began to realize that it wasn't just activating the metabolic syndrome. It was also it had these neural effects. So like the brain effects. So when animals start eating fructose, they actually start to forage for food. And that foraging is part of the survival response. So it actually, if you give fructose to an animal, it will start moving around and looking for food.

And so then I, you know, we began to realize that it wasn't just activating the metabolic syndrome. It was also it had these neural effects. So like the brain effects. So when animals start eating fructose, they actually start to forage for food. And that foraging is part of the survival response. So it actually, if you give fructose to an animal, it will start moving around and looking for food.

They're hungry, they get thirsty, and it triggers a foraging response. And that information made me start thinking more about what was going on in the brain. How is fructose affecting the brain? And we knew that if you give fructose to an animal or to a human and you label the fructose, only about 1% of it gets to the brain. So there had to be another mechanism.

They're hungry, they get thirsty, and it triggers a foraging response. And that information made me start thinking more about what was going on in the brain. How is fructose affecting the brain? And we knew that if you give fructose to an animal or to a human and you label the fructose, only about 1% of it gets to the brain. So there had to be another mechanism.

They're hungry, they get thirsty, and it triggers a foraging response. And that information made me start thinking more about what was going on in the brain. How is fructose affecting the brain? And we knew that if you give fructose to an animal or to a human and you label the fructose, only about 1% of it gets to the brain. So there had to be another mechanism.

And the insight was that when you take these high glycemic foods or soft drinks, they stimulate fructose production in many sites, including in other tissues. And so they stimulate fructose production in the brain. And there is a brilliant doctor named Sherwin at Yale who did these studies where he infused glucose in people and he could measure fructose production going up in the brain of people.

And the insight was that when you take these high glycemic foods or soft drinks, they stimulate fructose production in many sites, including in other tissues. And so they stimulate fructose production in the brain. And there is a brilliant doctor named Sherwin at Yale who did these studies where he infused glucose in people and he could measure fructose production going up in the brain of people.

And the insight was that when you take these high glycemic foods or soft drinks, they stimulate fructose production in many sites, including in other tissues. And so they stimulate fructose production in the brain. And there is a brilliant doctor named Sherwin at Yale who did these studies where he infused glucose in people and he could measure fructose production going up in the brain of people.

And it happens like after about an hour. So if you infuse glucose, it takes a little while for that conversion to occur. But you can start measuring an increase in fructose in the brain.

And it happens like after about an hour. So if you infuse glucose, it takes a little while for that conversion to occur. But you can start measuring an increase in fructose in the brain.

And it happens like after about an hour. So if you infuse glucose, it takes a little while for that conversion to occur. But you can start measuring an increase in fructose in the brain.

Well, no, he was given an intravenous thing. Okay, so it still has to go to the brain, blood-brain area. Exactly. And he brought the blood glucose up. And when the blood glucose goes up, we know it converts to fructose.

Well, no, he was given an intravenous thing. Okay, so it still has to go to the brain, blood-brain area. Exactly. And he brought the blood glucose up. And when the blood glucose goes up, we know it converts to fructose.

Well, no, he was given an intravenous thing. Okay, so it still has to go to the brain, blood-brain area. Exactly. And he brought the blood glucose up. And when the blood glucose goes up, we know it converts to fructose.

But it will convert, tissues will start making fructose wherever that glucose hits.

But it will convert, tissues will start making fructose wherever that glucose hits.

But it will convert, tissues will start making fructose wherever that glucose hits.

Right. And it also can induce insulin resistance. So now I'm going to tell you this story of how we started putting together Alzheimer's.

Right. And it also can induce insulin resistance. So now I'm going to tell you this story of how we started putting together Alzheimer's.