Dr. Sagen Zac-Varghese

So it looks like there's a similarity in the evolution of the parathyroid glands might well have been from the gills of prehistoric fish.

Yeah.

Yeah.

So osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder with reduced bone mineral density.

So the bones are thinner.

And not only are the bones thinner, there's less bone.

The microarchitecture of the bone has deteriorated.

And that means our bones are more fragile, are more likely to fracture.

So that's what osteoporosis is.

Thin bones that are more likely to fracture.

And osteoporosis is really common.

So one in two women over the age of 50 have a fracture.

One in five men.

So it's a super common condition.

So calcium and mineralization is to do with osteomalacia, but you need calcium to mineralize the bone, to have strong, healthy bones.

You also need the vitamin D for your muscle strength so that you don't fall and you don't fracture.

So a lot of it, you can't separate them out.

A lot of it is linked.

Yeah, I think this is a really great question because I think there's three main things that I tell all my patients.

The first thing is diet.