Dr. Stacy Sims

And then we have COVID and the outcomes of long COVID and the differences between the sexes with regards to women ended up with more long COVID, men ended up dying. So then during the COVID time period, people were like, whoa, there's sex differences in the outcomes of this disease. We have to really start looking at that.

So there are slow things that are really impactful on society that now people are starting to step and say, wait, we have to really look at women as women. We have to look at men as men.

So there are slow things that are really impactful on society that now people are starting to step and say, wait, we have to really look at women as women. We have to look at men as men.

There's always an impact of hormones. When we're looking at the overlay of hormones and sex hormones and then the protocols that have been developed, they don't take into account estrogen, progesterone, and to some extent testosterone.

There's always an impact of hormones. When we're looking at the overlay of hormones and sex hormones and then the protocols that have been developed, they don't take into account estrogen, progesterone, and to some extent testosterone.

So if we're looking at injury and the way that estrogen makes more laxative ligaments, so that means that our ligaments become more lax when estrogen comes up, which is why people assume that around ovulation is when people will have more ACL tears. It's not because we also see that progesterone comes in and can have a different effect on the tendons.

So if we're looking at injury and the way that estrogen makes more laxative ligaments, so that means that our ligaments become more lax when estrogen comes up, which is why people assume that around ovulation is when people will have more ACL tears. It's not because we also see that progesterone comes in and can have a different effect on the tendons.

But that isn't accounted for in a lot of the protocols that are out there for training and prevention of overtraining. We see that when we're looking at male and testosterone, there tends to be the more testosterone, the better for developing muscle and recovery. But that's not necessarily true either.

But that isn't accounted for in a lot of the protocols that are out there for training and prevention of overtraining. We see that when we're looking at male and testosterone, there tends to be the more testosterone, the better for developing muscle and recovery. But that's not necessarily true either.

So there's nuances in the sociocultural idea around sex hormones that also impact on our actual guidelines and protocols.

So there's nuances in the sociocultural idea around sex hormones that also impact on our actual guidelines and protocols.

Absolutely, absolutely would. And it comes down to a lot of... We see this on social media all the time, calories in, calories out, right? So when we're looking at calories in, calories out, that idea of that algorithm can work well in men. And the reason for that is the hypothalamus.

Absolutely, absolutely would. And it comes down to a lot of... We see this on social media all the time, calories in, calories out, right? So when we're looking at calories in, calories out, that idea of that algorithm can work well in men. And the reason for that is the hypothalamus.

So if we're looking at the hypothalamus, which is an area in the brain that controls appetite, it also controls our endocrine system. So for men... they don't have as many of what we call our kispeptin neurons activated. So this is neurons that are responsible for when we have nutrients coming in.

So if we're looking at the hypothalamus, which is an area in the brain that controls appetite, it also controls our endocrine system. So for men... they don't have as many of what we call our kispeptin neurons activated. So this is neurons that are responsible for when we have nutrients coming in.

They fire, they're like, yeah, okay, we got enough nutrition coming in that we can now accommodate for developing muscle and losing body fat. For women, we have more areas that are very sensitive.

They fire, they're like, yeah, okay, we got enough nutrition coming in that we can now accommodate for developing muscle and losing body fat. For women, we have more areas that are very sensitive.

To nutrient density. So when I say this, when we're talking about four grams of carbohydrate that come in and say they're carbohydrate from fruit and veg, not from ultra processed stuff, those four grams of carb will affect the bodies differently between being a man and a woman. For a man, those four grams of carb coming in primarily will go blood sugar and then be stored as liver muscle glycogen.

To nutrient density. So when I say this, when we're talking about four grams of carbohydrate that come in and say they're carbohydrate from fruit and veg, not from ultra processed stuff, those four grams of carb will affect the bodies differently between being a man and a woman. For a man, those four grams of carb coming in primarily will go blood sugar and then be stored as liver muscle glycogen.

For women, it's blood sugar. It doesn't get stored because for women, in order to store muscle and liver glycogen, you have to have an activation of some enzymes from the liver as well as some enzymes within the skeletal muscle itself to say, yeah, okay, we want to store this. We don't want to circulate it. So then we start looking at how the brain is perceiving that.