Dr. Tim Spector

So picking off and off the shelf probiotic with say two or three strains is not gonna work for everybody. So until we start out, really get to grips with personalizing this, I think, I personally prefer using fermented food as my medicine rather than these probiotics. But it's an evolving field. I think the industry is getting better and they're starting to do proper studies in that area.

So picking off and off the shelf probiotic with say two or three strains is not gonna work for everybody. So until we start out, really get to grips with personalizing this, I think, I personally prefer using fermented food as my medicine rather than these probiotics. But it's an evolving field. I think the industry is getting better and they're starting to do proper studies in that area.

So picking off and off the shelf probiotic with say two or three strains is not gonna work for everybody. So until we start out, really get to grips with personalizing this, I think, I personally prefer using fermented food as my medicine rather than these probiotics. But it's an evolving field. I think the industry is getting better and they're starting to do proper studies in that area.

So once something comes on that's amazing, I'm happy to embrace it because I think we might need all the tools we've got in order to treat some of these problems. Mm-hmm.

So once something comes on that's amazing, I'm happy to embrace it because I think we might need all the tools we've got in order to treat some of these problems. Mm-hmm.

So once something comes on that's amazing, I'm happy to embrace it because I think we might need all the tools we've got in order to treat some of these problems. Mm-hmm.

Autoimmune thyroid disease is one of the commonest autoimmune diseases. And I used to be a rheumatologist, so I used to see a lot of crossover of people who had thyroid antibodies and then would present, say, with rheumatoid arthritis or something else. So it increases your predisposition, and it is predominantly in females. But it's the whole family of disease.

Autoimmune thyroid disease is one of the commonest autoimmune diseases. And I used to be a rheumatologist, so I used to see a lot of crossover of people who had thyroid antibodies and then would present, say, with rheumatoid arthritis or something else. So it increases your predisposition, and it is predominantly in females. But it's the whole family of disease.

Autoimmune thyroid disease is one of the commonest autoimmune diseases. And I used to be a rheumatologist, so I used to see a lot of crossover of people who had thyroid antibodies and then would present, say, with rheumatoid arthritis or something else. So it increases your predisposition, and it is predominantly in females. But it's the whole family of disease.

I don't see them as very different. There's some reason that it turns into some people have a gut colitis, others arthritis, others it attacks the thyroid. But in all of them, there is a gut connection. And that is because most of the immune system, 70% of the immune cells are in the gut. And clearly, they are getting some abnormal signals from the gut microbiome or

I don't see them as very different. There's some reason that it turns into some people have a gut colitis, others arthritis, others it attacks the thyroid. But in all of them, there is a gut connection. And that is because most of the immune system, 70% of the immune cells are in the gut. And clearly, they are getting some abnormal signals from the gut microbiome or

I don't see them as very different. There's some reason that it turns into some people have a gut colitis, others arthritis, others it attacks the thyroid. But in all of them, there is a gut connection. And that is because most of the immune system, 70% of the immune cells are in the gut. And clearly, they are getting some abnormal signals from the gut microbiome or

It's probably a two-way passage, so the immune cells might also be sending out chemicals, disrupting your gut microbiome. And I think we're now much closer to realizing what's going on, that we inherit genes that give us a predisposition to these problems. But we never had as many cases until the last 30 years when something's happened and we're passing these thresholds.

It's probably a two-way passage, so the immune cells might also be sending out chemicals, disrupting your gut microbiome. And I think we're now much closer to realizing what's going on, that we inherit genes that give us a predisposition to these problems. But we never had as many cases until the last 30 years when something's happened and we're passing these thresholds.

It's probably a two-way passage, so the immune cells might also be sending out chemicals, disrupting your gut microbiome. And I think we're now much closer to realizing what's going on, that we inherit genes that give us a predisposition to these problems. But we never had as many cases until the last 30 years when something's happened and we're passing these thresholds.

And that's why many more people are getting it. Luckily, they're getting it more mildly. So in the past, when I was... Seeing patients 30 years ago, rheumatoid arthritis was rarer, but much more severe. Now it's commoner, but generally milder. And the same, I think, is true for thyroid disease. So there's definitely a connection.

And that's why many more people are getting it. Luckily, they're getting it more mildly. So in the past, when I was... Seeing patients 30 years ago, rheumatoid arthritis was rarer, but much more severe. Now it's commoner, but generally milder. And the same, I think, is true for thyroid disease. So there's definitely a connection.

And that's why many more people are getting it. Luckily, they're getting it more mildly. So in the past, when I was... Seeing patients 30 years ago, rheumatoid arthritis was rarer, but much more severe. Now it's commoner, but generally milder. And the same, I think, is true for thyroid disease. So there's definitely a connection.

And I think no doctors are really addressing is how everyone should, with these immune conditions, be first trying to sort out their gut and get their gut microbiome in the best place possible. Because it acts as a brake on the inflammation.

And I think no doctors are really addressing is how everyone should, with these immune conditions, be first trying to sort out their gut and get their gut microbiome in the best place possible. Because it acts as a brake on the inflammation.