Gerard Barron
👤 SpeakerAppearances Over Time
Podcast Appearances
So you add it to steel to make stainless steel.
It's also used in super alloys.
You need it for making military equipment.
And then cobalt is, of course, used in your iPhone battery.
But it's also a very efficient thing.
They're all used in batteries for cars as well.
So if you have a Tesla EV, it's full of nickel and used to be full of cobalt.
They kind of managed to get cobalt out of it, but mainly because they weren't able to get an affordable
supply that hadn't touched the hands of child miners in the Congo, which is where the cobalt market is characterized.
And then steel, manganese is used to make steel.
You can't make a ton of steel without manganese.
And now more manganese is going into batteries as well.
So these are all what we call base metals.
They're the foundation building blocks for industry.
And if you want to look at
You know, over the last, since 2002, about 20,000 companies have evaporated who were involved in heavy industry.
20,000.
20,000?
20,000.
Wow.