James P. Allison

The new work from the Nobel Prize this year, David Baker, for example, in understanding how sequence informs shapes and how shapes influence sequence. All this we're beginning to understand at the molecular level, how these interactions occur and how to manipulate them a little bit better in ways we couldn't even think about 10 years ago, much less in the 80s.

The new work from the Nobel Prize this year, David Baker, for example, in understanding how sequence informs shapes and how shapes influence sequence. All this we're beginning to understand at the molecular level, how these interactions occur and how to manipulate them a little bit better in ways we couldn't even think about 10 years ago, much less in the 80s.

Yeah, I'm one of those old school guys that thinks hypotheses are useful. Yeah. Now it's get a whole bunch of data and try to pull something out of it.

Yeah, I'm one of those old school guys that thinks hypotheses are useful. Yeah. Now it's get a whole bunch of data and try to pull something out of it.

Yeah, pretty much. Those are the things that have 10 to 17 different possibilities. That's really helping with vaccine design and stuff now. So we're on the verge of being able to, in some cases...

Yeah, pretty much. Those are the things that have 10 to 17 different possibilities. That's really helping with vaccine design and stuff now. So we're on the verge of being able to, in some cases...

develop prophylactic vaccines i think certainly for hpv we're there we can prevent we can prevent hpv induced cervical cancer and and and head and neck cancer by the hpv vaccine if it was people would just use it um they're more importantly in the clinical realm or therapeutic vaccines now and we understand we're beginning to understand enough about

develop prophylactic vaccines i think certainly for hpv we're there we can prevent we can prevent hpv induced cervical cancer and and and head and neck cancer by the hpv vaccine if it was people would just use it um they're more importantly in the clinical realm or therapeutic vaccines now and we understand we're beginning to understand enough about

the antigens that are induced by the mutations where we can begin to come up. This was something that was greatly informed by our recent epidemic with the vaccine strategies that were developed then where you've got basically a cassette approach now where we know how to really, put a gene in the middle of this cassette. I think there's going to be eventually a small set of adapters you can use.

the antigens that are induced by the mutations where we can begin to come up. This was something that was greatly informed by our recent epidemic with the vaccine strategies that were developed then where you've got basically a cassette approach now where we know how to really, put a gene in the middle of this cassette. I think there's going to be eventually a small set of adapters you can use.

It'll have all the signals that you need to properly activate the innate immune system and all that. But you put your specific thing in the middle of it, and we can generate a vaccine in weeks.

It'll have all the signals that you need to properly activate the innate immune system and all that. But you put your specific thing in the middle of it, and we can generate a vaccine in weeks.

That's part of it.

That's part of it.

That's part of it, being able to get the genes out. It's more useful right now in testing as to whether you're right by actually doing fine structure and seeing if you can initiate or terminate an immune response by manipulating things. Okay. But yeah, it's that and just all the work that went in developing about the coronavirus vaccines, the COVID vaccines.

That's part of it, being able to get the genes out. It's more useful right now in testing as to whether you're right by actually doing fine structure and seeing if you can initiate or terminate an immune response by manipulating things. Okay. But yeah, it's that and just all the work that went in developing about the coronavirus vaccines, the COVID vaccines.

But that sort of framework, it's not exactly the same thing, it's going to be something very similar, which now you can theoretically take a melanoma patient, sequence the genome, And with computer algorithms, predict which of the mutations would actually elicit in your own body because different people's, it's called MHC type, the genes that you have that influence what you present.

But that sort of framework, it's not exactly the same thing, it's going to be something very similar, which now you can theoretically take a melanoma patient, sequence the genome, And with computer algorithms, predict which of the mutations would actually elicit in your own body because different people's, it's called MHC type, the genes that you have that influence what you present.

If you know that, and you know the sequence of the different peptides, you can predict which ones will be presented, and then you can design the proper vaccine to snap it into that thing and start vaccinating people. So that's coming along. I think that preventive vaccines, pretty soon we're going to be able to maybe protect people that have what's called Oh, what is it? Lynch syndrome.

If you know that, and you know the sequence of the different peptides, you can predict which ones will be presented, and then you can design the proper vaccine to snap it into that thing and start vaccinating people. So that's coming along. I think that preventive vaccines, pretty soon we're going to be able to maybe protect people that have what's called Oh, what is it? Lynch syndrome.