Joanna Kikissis

Ukraine's state-owned electricity generating company, Centronego, said that the Russian attacks had reduced capacity to, quote, zero at thermal power plants.

Foreign Minister Andriy Sibycha said that Russian drones also targeted two nuclear power substations deep in western Ukraine.

Every fall, Russia steps up attacks on Ukraine's power and heating grid to force a harsh winter on Ukrainian cities.

Many Ukrainians have adapted by using backup energy storage devices and generators in their homes and businesses.

This year, Ukraine has attacked Russian oil depots and refineries to weaken what it calls Russia's war machine.

Joanna Kikissis, NPR News, Kyiv.