Joel Waldfogel

And so it might be – it's entirely possible that there are barriers and challenges maybe historically for women at the kind of the high end. But there have been since 1970 I think a lot of ways to get published and especially since 2010 or so when people could begin to self-publish.

And so it might be – it's entirely possible that there are barriers and challenges maybe historically for women at the kind of the high end. But there have been since 1970 I think a lot of ways to get published and especially since 2010 or so when people could begin to self-publish.

That's really true. And it's both an absence of gatekeepers and also really the production process to be a vulgar economist. It just involves me and a pencil or me and a laptop or somebody, not me. I'm male, I guess. But anybody, whereas with music or with movies or with television, it requires a fair bit more coordination and sometimes capital investment and therefore gatekeepers.

That's really true. And it's both an absence of gatekeepers and also really the production process to be a vulgar economist. It just involves me and a pencil or me and a laptop or somebody, not me. I'm male, I guess. But anybody, whereas with music or with movies or with television, it requires a fair bit more coordination and sometimes capital investment and therefore gatekeepers.

That's really true. And it's both an absence of gatekeepers and also really the production process to be a vulgar economist. It just involves me and a pencil or me and a laptop or somebody, not me. I'm male, I guess. But anybody, whereas with music or with movies or with television, it requires a fair bit more coordination and sometimes capital investment and therefore gatekeepers.

Although having said that, you know, since digitization, All of these industries, it's become much easier to enter. But still, writing is literally solitary. I just have to coordinate with myself. I can do it maybe in spare time. Even if I have a kid or something, you know, if I have a lot of family obligations, I could still maybe find time to do it.

Although having said that, you know, since digitization, All of these industries, it's become much easier to enter. But still, writing is literally solitary. I just have to coordinate with myself. I can do it maybe in spare time. Even if I have a kid or something, you know, if I have a lot of family obligations, I could still maybe find time to do it.

Although having said that, you know, since digitization, All of these industries, it's become much easier to enter. But still, writing is literally solitary. I just have to coordinate with myself. I can do it maybe in spare time. Even if I have a kid or something, you know, if I have a lot of family obligations, I could still maybe find time to do it.

So it is interesting the way writing, unlike some of the other activities, is available to people regardless of the constraints on their time.

So it is interesting the way writing, unlike some of the other activities, is available to people regardless of the constraints on their time.

So it is interesting the way writing, unlike some of the other activities, is available to people regardless of the constraints on their time.

There are some kind of stereotypical patterns that are true. So, for example, a lot of the romance novels are both written by women and read by women. And there are other categories that are more historically male in their writing and probably in their reading. But that said, what I find really interesting is that there's growth in the female share writing in all of the categories.

There are some kind of stereotypical patterns that are true. So, for example, a lot of the romance novels are both written by women and read by women. And there are other categories that are more historically male in their writing and probably in their reading. But that said, what I find really interesting is that there's growth in the female share writing in all of the categories.

There are some kind of stereotypical patterns that are true. So, for example, a lot of the romance novels are both written by women and read by women. And there are other categories that are more historically male in their writing and probably in their reading. But that said, what I find really interesting is that there's growth in the female share writing in all of the categories.

Well, it literally isn't. One answer is in some sense it has to crowd it up. But let me just tell you some facts. There just has been very big growth in the number of new works by men. just bigger growth in the number of new works by women.

Well, it literally isn't. One answer is in some sense it has to crowd it up. But let me just tell you some facts. There just has been very big growth in the number of new works by men. just bigger growth in the number of new works by women.

Well, it literally isn't. One answer is in some sense it has to crowd it up. But let me just tell you some facts. There just has been very big growth in the number of new works by men. just bigger growth in the number of new works by women.

Now, if I'm going to be kind of an eggheaded economist about it, you know, we could say, well, if the women hadn't increased, would the men have grown even more? And maybe, maybe, but it's not as though there's been like an absolute decline in the number of books by men. There's been a big increase by men and a bigger increase by women.

Now, if I'm going to be kind of an eggheaded economist about it, you know, we could say, well, if the women hadn't increased, would the men have grown even more? And maybe, maybe, but it's not as though there's been like an absolute decline in the number of books by men. There's been a big increase by men and a bigger increase by women.

Now, if I'm going to be kind of an eggheaded economist about it, you know, we could say, well, if the women hadn't increased, would the men have grown even more? And maybe, maybe, but it's not as though there's been like an absolute decline in the number of books by men. There's been a big increase by men and a bigger increase by women.