John Arnold

Maybe stepping back about what are the goals of the energy system?

I think about systems a lot these days and what the incentives are, what the rules are, what the goals of a system are.

In energy, you can think about having a product that's affordable to the consumer, that's reliable, that whenever you want it, you can access it.

And you can think about times where there are gas lines in the 1970s or blackouts when reliability hasn't been there.

Having reduced emissions.

cleaner system, and then energy security.

And then maybe fifth, I'd say that it creates good jobs for whatever country or whatever locale you're in.

And then if you have lows as goals, then how do you meet those?

You were saying America's blessed with tremendous energy resources.

It has a lot of oil, gas, coal, has a lot of wind and solar resource.

We're a very innovative country.

Ability to deploy solar and wind and thinking about both traditional nuclear as well as advanced nuclear resources.

So we have all these inputs and we're trying to get to the system that meets those goals.

And then the challenge is, and how do you devise policy and rules of the system to do so?

It gets tricky because the priority or the ranking of those goals changes from administration to administration.

And it's an industry that is slow.

It takes a long time to build the infrastructure.

And you need these stable supply chains in order to be able to meet the needs.

And you have these changing goals of it.

And so the industry gets sent every four or eight years a different set of priorities or price signals about what we want as a society.