John Morgan

Yes, absolutely. I mean, if the question is when will these treatments reach the standard care, I've been saying five to ten years, probably close to ten years, because it takes a long time for the regulatory processes and the proof that we need absolutely that the treatment is working. But it's carrying on in the background all the time.

Yes, absolutely. I mean, if the question is when will these treatments reach the standard care, I've been saying five to ten years, probably close to ten years, because it takes a long time for the regulatory processes and the proof that we need absolutely that the treatment is working. But it's carrying on in the background all the time.

Yeah, it's been something that's interested me for many years. And this work has been funded by the charity versus arthritis for many years. It's around how the immune system works. And I would say over the last 25 years, we've gained a much better understanding of the interactions between different types of cell in the immune system. We understand quite a lot about the cells which are

Yeah, it's been something that's interested me for many years. And this work has been funded by the charity versus arthritis for many years. It's around how the immune system works. And I would say over the last 25 years, we've gained a much better understanding of the interactions between different types of cell in the immune system. We understand quite a lot about the cells which are

I call the generals of the immune system, which organize and tell other immune cells whether to attack or ignore. And once you've got that idea, then you can take patients' own blood cells and grow them in the laboratory and effectively train them to become the cells that switch off disease. It's a process that's been going on for many years and every experiment gives us more ideas.

I call the generals of the immune system, which organize and tell other immune cells whether to attack or ignore. And once you've got that idea, then you can take patients' own blood cells and grow them in the laboratory and effectively train them to become the cells that switch off disease. It's a process that's been going on for many years and every experiment gives us more ideas.

In the laboratory, we can make these cells and they do the job that we want them to do. The question is, is when we put them into the complex human body, whether they can still do that task properly.

In the laboratory, we can make these cells and they do the job that we want them to do. The question is, is when we put them into the complex human body, whether they can still do that task properly.

Yes. Rheumatoid is an autoimmune disease. And basically, as I kind of, I hope I've explained it, it's a disease where the immune system attacks its own joints. Now, many autoimmune diseases, common ones that people will have heard of are type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and ultimately diabetes. The mechanisms are very similar. The way the immune system goes wrong is similar.

Yes. Rheumatoid is an autoimmune disease. And basically, as I kind of, I hope I've explained it, it's a disease where the immune system attacks its own joints. Now, many autoimmune diseases, common ones that people will have heard of are type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and ultimately diabetes. The mechanisms are very similar. The way the immune system goes wrong is similar.

And indeed, you may find families where one member has rheumatoid, somebody else has diabetes, someone else has autoimmune thyroid disease. So the processes that we are developing in the laboratory with a little bit of tweaking, if they work in rheumatoid, then we should be able to translate that into these other autoimmune diseases.

And indeed, you may find families where one member has rheumatoid, somebody else has diabetes, someone else has autoimmune thyroid disease. So the processes that we are developing in the laboratory with a little bit of tweaking, if they work in rheumatoid, then we should be able to translate that into these other autoimmune diseases.

The way this is going to play out is really a small version of what we saw with the 9-11 terror attacks way back more than 20 years ago.

The way this is going to play out is really a small version of what we saw with the 9-11 terror attacks way back more than 20 years ago.

And while that was a much more widespread challenge, for Heathrow this is exactly the same because the airport being closed entirely means many, many long-haul flights were already on their way to Heathrow and there will be frantic efforts by airline staff to get other aircraft on route, diverted to other places.

And while that was a much more widespread challenge, for Heathrow this is exactly the same because the airport being closed entirely means many, many long-haul flights were already on their way to Heathrow and there will be frantic efforts by airline staff to get other aircraft on route, diverted to other places.

It was another day of mass casualties in Gaza. More than 80 Palestinians were killed in Israeli strikes, bringing the total number to almost 600 since Tuesday. according to the Ministry of Health, which operates under Hamas. Israel's military issued a fresh evacuation order across much of the Strip as it expanded its offensive.

It was another day of mass casualties in Gaza. More than 80 Palestinians were killed in Israeli strikes, bringing the total number to almost 600 since Tuesday. according to the Ministry of Health, which operates under Hamas. Israel's military issued a fresh evacuation order across much of the Strip as it expanded its offensive.

It dropped leaflets in residential areas, telling people to move to so-called safe areas or even to leave Gaza. How or where to, nobody knows. Up until now, Hamas has not responded militarily to Israel breaking the ceasefire. That changed this afternoon when it sent three rockets into Israel. David Mentzer is the spokesperson for the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu.

It dropped leaflets in residential areas, telling people to move to so-called safe areas or even to leave Gaza. How or where to, nobody knows. Up until now, Hamas has not responded militarily to Israel breaking the ceasefire. That changed this afternoon when it sent three rockets into Israel. David Mentzer is the spokesperson for the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu.