Jonathan Haidt

Thanks so much, Neil.

Great to see you again and great to meet Gary and Chuck.

So thanks, Neil.

So in the social sciences, we have to think about multiple sources of evidence.

And the clearest, we have some pretty hard data when you look at these longitudinal studies.

So the US government has done a great job of supporting surveys.

Some go back to the 1970s.

So we can see the various trends in mental health.

Now this is self-reported, you know, a nine point depression scale, a question about anxiety.

And those numbers move up and down a little bit from the 90s through 2010, 2011.

They're very, very stable.

And then all of a sudden, it's like someone flipped a switch somewhere.

And right around 2012, 2013, you get an elbow.

And then those graphs line go shooting up.

It's not for everything.

It's not that Gen Z says we're messed up on everything.

It's very focused on anxiety and depression, what we call internalizing disorders.

And it's the same thing for self-harm, including hard numbers on hospitalizations.

If you look at the CDC tracks, why people go into hospitals,

All of a sudden, starting around 2012, 2013, the number of girls especially who are checking into an emergency room because they cut themselves so severely goes up 50 to 150% depending on the subgroup that you're looking at.