Khalil Ramadi

Lots and lots of neurons.

This is why certain sugary or salty foods can ramp up dopamine levels in our brain and make us feel quite good after eating them.

Our electronic pills can be designed to reside in the gut for days to weeks, delivering bio-nudges to neurons along the GI tract.

Depending on the shape and strength of these electrical impulses, they can either affect hormone levels in our blood or travel up to our brain where they can activate or silence specific brain circuits that control hunger,

metabolism, and arousal.

Using our devices, we could stimulate the stomach to tackle nausea or influence satiety, or the intestine to change the way we digest things like glucose by affecting absorption of nutrients in food.

This could mean new non-invasive therapies for the 34 million diabetics in the US and 650 million obese population worldwide.

We could even affect things like inflammation in the brain.

slowing down degeneration for the almost 60 million patients with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's around the world.

By being super specific, we can avoid side effects, unlike most of our drugs.

And in this way, we can control appetite, nutrient digestion, hormone levels, even happiness and reward.

This is exciting.

Bio nudges are more targeted than medicines and less invasive than surgery.

Neuromodulation therapies could be a new gold standard in healthcare.

A single pill, not filled with drugs or chemicals, but with electronics and micro devices that deliver little bursts of energy to our gut.

This pill can treat Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes or obesity.

all without any chronic drugs, completely non-invasively.

No drill, no surgery, no hospital stay.

This is how medicine could be.

This is how medicine should be.