Lennart Heim

You're totally right.

If GPT-5 poses a national security risk, we can control it for, what, a year or two?

And then every guy in a garage with five Mac minis potentially could reproduce it.

And that's just a thing we need to deal with eventually.

Well, that's indeed the question, which really will be a political choice for us, right?

Or if one needs to intervene.

I think the best way to start with is just let's look at the status quo.

Most compute is largely concentrated.

Where is it concentrated?

The large majority sits in industry.

This didn't always used to be the case, right?

Academia was really strong in traditional high-performance computing.

This lead was eradicated over the last decade, basically.

Then secondly, where is this compute concentrated?

Within industry, within our hyperscalers.

Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, Oracle, they own the large majority of it.

If you look at NVIDIA's shareholder output, they need to tell if it's mostly for big customers.

That's what you see.

That's simply the case.

These are all American companies.