Louisa Nicola

So we get something called left ventricular hypertrophy. So the walls of the left ventricle thicken as we age. Now, Ben Levine was really, he's wonderful. He did a study where he took 53 50-year-olds. He subjected them over the course of two years to maximal aerobic exercise programs. I think it was around three to four hours per week.

So we get something called left ventricular hypertrophy. So the walls of the left ventricle thicken as we age. Now, Ben Levine was really, he's wonderful. He did a study where he took 53 50-year-olds. He subjected them over the course of two years to maximal aerobic exercise programs. I think it was around three to four hours per week.

Maximal aerobic exercise is when you're pushing past your limits. You're huffing, you're puffing, you're going really hard. He pushed him to that zone. And he took images of the hearts. He did echocardiograms. He did every image of the heart to see the structures. Over the two years, at the end of the two years, he re-scanned the hearts of these 50-year-olds.

Maximal aerobic exercise is when you're pushing past your limits. You're huffing, you're puffing, you're going really hard. He pushed him to that zone. And he took images of the hearts. He did echocardiograms. He did every image of the heart to see the structures. Over the two years, at the end of the two years, he re-scanned the hearts of these 50-year-olds.

Maximal aerobic exercise is when you're pushing past your limits. You're huffing, you're puffing, you're going really hard. He pushed him to that zone. And he took images of the hearts. He did echocardiograms. He did every image of the heart to see the structures. Over the two years, at the end of the two years, he re-scanned the hearts of these 50-year-olds.

And he found that he reversed the age-related changes in the heart by 20 years. Wow. So these 50-year-old hearts looked like 30-year-old hearts. Specifically, what he saw was that left ventricle. It actually... the walls got thinner, the ventricle got bigger, so he could allow more blood flow to come in, therefore more blood to the muscles and more blood to the brain.

And he found that he reversed the age-related changes in the heart by 20 years. Wow. So these 50-year-old hearts looked like 30-year-old hearts. Specifically, what he saw was that left ventricle. It actually... the walls got thinner, the ventricle got bigger, so he could allow more blood flow to come in, therefore more blood to the muscles and more blood to the brain.

And he found that he reversed the age-related changes in the heart by 20 years. Wow. So these 50-year-old hearts looked like 30-year-old hearts. Specifically, what he saw was that left ventricle. It actually... the walls got thinner, the ventricle got bigger, so he could allow more blood flow to come in, therefore more blood to the muscles and more blood to the brain.

That was over two years, and that was maximal. And we'll go into that as well because we haven't even touched on resistance training. But we know that you can change the structure of your heart. It's actually called cardiac remodeling. You can remodel your cardiac system. So what happens when we do that? We get a stronger heart, a stronger foundation to pump blood through the aorta.

That was over two years, and that was maximal. And we'll go into that as well because we haven't even touched on resistance training. But we know that you can change the structure of your heart. It's actually called cardiac remodeling. You can remodel your cardiac system. So what happens when we do that? We get a stronger heart, a stronger foundation to pump blood through the aorta.

That was over two years, and that was maximal. And we'll go into that as well because we haven't even touched on resistance training. But we know that you can change the structure of your heart. It's actually called cardiac remodeling. You can remodel your cardiac system. So what happens when we do that? We get a stronger heart, a stronger foundation to pump blood through the aorta.

Now, your aorta... comes up and out of the aorta, we've got branching of two main sets of arteries. You've got the carotid arteries on both sides, obviously, and they supply the frontal part of your brain, the anterior part of the brain with blood. Then you've got the vertebral arteries. They supply the posterior aspect of your brain.

Now, your aorta... comes up and out of the aorta, we've got branching of two main sets of arteries. You've got the carotid arteries on both sides, obviously, and they supply the frontal part of your brain, the anterior part of the brain with blood. Then you've got the vertebral arteries. They supply the posterior aspect of your brain.

Now, your aorta... comes up and out of the aorta, we've got branching of two main sets of arteries. You've got the carotid arteries on both sides, obviously, and they supply the frontal part of your brain, the anterior part of the brain with blood. Then you've got the vertebral arteries. They supply the posterior aspect of your brain.

So the better structured your heart, the better structured your aorta, the more blood will pump more efficiently to the brain.

So the better structured your heart, the better structured your aorta, the more blood will pump more efficiently to the brain.

So the better structured your heart, the better structured your aorta, the more blood will pump more efficiently to the brain.

Absolutely. So what does that mean? Let's go back to aerobic training. You can't just perform maximal exercise. That is just, that is silly. I would never get a 65-year-old who is completely sedentary to go from that to maximal exercise.

Absolutely. So what does that mean? Let's go back to aerobic training. You can't just perform maximal exercise. That is just, that is silly. I would never get a 65-year-old who is completely sedentary to go from that to maximal exercise.

Absolutely. So what does that mean? Let's go back to aerobic training. You can't just perform maximal exercise. That is just, that is silly. I would never get a 65-year-old who is completely sedentary to go from that to maximal exercise.