Manolis Kellis

And we can now start prescribing drugs, not for the disease anymore, but for the hallmark.

And the advantage of that is that we can now take this modular approach to disease.

Instead of saying there's gonna be a drug for Alzheimer's, which is gonna fail in 80% of the patients, we're gonna say now there's gonna be 10 drugs, one for each pathway.

And for every patient, we now prescribe the combination of drugs.

So what we wanna do in that center is basically translate every single one of these pathways

into a set of therapeutics, a set of drugs that are projecting the same embedding subspace as the biological pathways that they alter, so that we can have this translation between the dysregulations that are happening at the genetic level, at the transcription level, at the drug level, at the protein structure level, and effectively take this modular approach to personalized medicine.

where saying I'm gonna build a drug for Lex Friedman is not gonna be sustainable.

But if you instead say, I'm gonna build a drug for this pathway and a drug for that other pathway, millions of people share each of these pathways.

So that's the vision for how all of these AI and deep learning and embeddings can truly transform biology and medicine, where we can truly take these systems and allow us to finally understand disease at a superhuman level.

by sort of finding these knowledge representations, these projections of each of these spaces, and try understanding the meaning of each of those embedding subspaces, and sort of how well populated it is, what are the drugs that we can build for it, and so on and so forth.

So it's truly transformative.

Exactly, exactly.

And the way that we're coupling this is with cell penetrating peptides that allow us to deliver these drugs to specific cell types by taking advantage of the receptors of those cells.

We can intervene at the antisense oligo level by basically repressing the RNA, bring in new RNA,

intervene at the protein level, at the small molecule level.

We can use proteins themselves as drugs just because of their ability to interfere, to interact directly from protein to protein interactions.

So I think this space is being completely transformed with the marriage of high throughput technologies and all of these like AI, large language models, deep learning models, and so on and so forth.

Can you explain?

I basically mean, let's try to figure out, number one, what am I supposed to be?

And number two, find the strength to actually become it.