Mark Changizi

It's not always just one guy or gal walking. It's often complicated duets and different things. And in some sense, what I work out in the book is sort of the baseline boring dialogue. here's the baseline kind of things that humans do. Any good composer is deviating from that baseline to create interesting stories, right? Sure, of course. So I'm not the artist type.

It's not always just one guy or gal walking. It's often complicated duets and different things. And in some sense, what I work out in the book is sort of the baseline boring dialogue. here's the baseline kind of things that humans do. Any good composer is deviating from that baseline to create interesting stories, right? Sure, of course. So I'm not the artist type.

I'm trying to like, here's the typical baseline. That's what determines the average across all these songs, none of which would be potentially very good if they actually stuck to the average that I'm finding, right? So they're all deviating from that. Right, right.

I'm trying to like, here's the typical baseline. That's what determines the average across all these songs, none of which would be potentially very good if they actually stuck to the average that I'm finding, right? So they're all deviating from that. Right, right.

I'm trying to like, here's the typical baseline. That's what determines the average across all these songs, none of which would be potentially very good if they actually stuck to the average that I'm finding, right? So they're all deviating from that. Right, right.

But the bigger story about these kinds of cultural harnessing of us, I call this harnessing, by looking like nature, sounding like nature, is that we often think of ourselves as the speaking animal, right? Or as the music animal or the artistic animal. This is what often we define what it is to be human by a lot of these things, the arts and the ability to talk, the ability to be literate.

But the bigger story about these kinds of cultural harnessing of us, I call this harnessing, by looking like nature, sounding like nature, is that we often think of ourselves as the speaking animal, right? Or as the music animal or the artistic animal. This is what often we define what it is to be human by a lot of these things, the arts and the ability to talk, the ability to be literate.

But the bigger story about these kinds of cultural harnessing of us, I call this harnessing, by looking like nature, sounding like nature, is that we often think of ourselves as the speaking animal, right? Or as the music animal or the artistic animal. This is what often we define what it is to be human by a lot of these things, the arts and the ability to talk, the ability to be literate.

But up until just a couple hundred thousand years ago, and it's exactly unclear, we didn't have language at all. We certainly didn't have writing. We didn't have music. We may have had some vocalization stuff that people did, but probably a million years, we may not have even had that. All of the things that we mistakenly think of ourselves as human aren't human 1.0 at all.

But up until just a couple hundred thousand years ago, and it's exactly unclear, we didn't have language at all. We certainly didn't have writing. We didn't have music. We may have had some vocalization stuff that people did, but probably a million years, we may not have even had that. All of the things that we mistakenly think of ourselves as human aren't human 1.0 at all.

But up until just a couple hundred thousand years ago, and it's exactly unclear, we didn't have language at all. We certainly didn't have writing. We didn't have music. We may have had some vocalization stuff that people did, but probably a million years, we may not have even had that. All of the things that we mistakenly think of ourselves as human aren't human 1.0 at all.

All of the stuff that we take to be human today are really human 2.0s. These are things that are products of cultural engineering that now is harnessing us and giving us all these modern powers. So, you know, it always was remarkable. You've got chimpanzees with their encephalization quotient, you know, and it's a little bit bigger than these other great apes and so forth. And then you've got us.

All of the stuff that we take to be human today are really human 2.0s. These are things that are products of cultural engineering that now is harnessing us and giving us all these modern powers. So, you know, it always was remarkable. You've got chimpanzees with their encephalization quotient, you know, and it's a little bit bigger than these other great apes and so forth. And then you've got us.

All of the stuff that we take to be human today are really human 2.0s. These are things that are products of cultural engineering that now is harnessing us and giving us all these modern powers. So, you know, it always was remarkable. You've got chimpanzees with their encephalization quotient, you know, and it's a little bit bigger than these other great apes and so forth. And then you've got us.

Again, it's a little bit bigger on a log scale. But it's not... you're not looking at it, you're going, oh, this totally explains the difference between us and chimpanzees. No, chimpanzees are like super dumb compared to us because look at all the stuff that we can do.

Again, it's a little bit bigger on a log scale. But it's not... you're not looking at it, you're going, oh, this totally explains the difference between us and chimpanzees. No, chimpanzees are like super dumb compared to us because look at all the stuff that we can do.

Again, it's a little bit bigger on a log scale. But it's not... you're not looking at it, you're going, oh, this totally explains the difference between us and chimpanzees. No, chimpanzees are like super dumb compared to us because look at all the stuff that we can do.

We can ride, drive cars, and we can like do math and all the crazy stuff that we can do in our real lives makes us seem like we're literally off the page and, you know, miles away. So how can you make sense of the fact that we're only just a little bit higher and yet we're, it's because biologically our human one point ourselves are just this little bit higher.

We can ride, drive cars, and we can like do math and all the crazy stuff that we can do in our real lives makes us seem like we're literally off the page and, you know, miles away. So how can you make sense of the fact that we're only just a little bit higher and yet we're, it's because biologically our human one point ourselves are just this little bit higher.

We can ride, drive cars, and we can like do math and all the crazy stuff that we can do in our real lives makes us seem like we're literally off the page and, you know, miles away. So how can you make sense of the fact that we're only just a little bit higher and yet we're, it's because biologically our human one point ourselves are just this little bit higher.