Nataliya Kosmyna

No, of course.

But don't forget, the two other groups, they are from the same category.

They are students in the same geographic area, right?

However, for them, these words were completely different.

For the Google, for the search engine, students actually heavily used vocabulary giving and giving us.

And then brain-only group was using vocabulary related to happiness and true happiness.

And this is just one of the examples.

And then finally, to highlight one more result, is responses from the participants themselves, from those students.

So we asked literally 60 seconds after they gave us their essays.

Can you give us a quote?

Any quote, any length of the quote of what you had just written can be short, long, anywhere in your essay, anything.

83% of participants from LLM, from ChargeGPT group could have not quoted anything.

That was not the case for brain and search engine groups.

Of course, in sessions two and three and four, they improved because, surprise, surprise, they knew what the questions would be.

But the trend remained the same.

It was harder for them to quote.

But I think the most ultimately dangerous result, if I can use this term, though it's not really scientific, but something that I think a lot of inquiry actually is required to really look further into this, it's almost on philosophical, I guess, level, is ownership questions.

So we did ask them if...

how much percentage of ownership do they feel towards those essays?

And 15% of chat GPT users told us that they do not feel any ownership.