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Paul Tough

👤 Person
285 total appearances

Appearances Over Time

Podcast Appearances

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

And in this case, that's just not true. So 20 years ago, there was this belief that there were clear biomarkers, clear indications in the brain in terms of electrical signals or a particular gene that would predict ADHD or differences in the size and shape of certain parts of the brain that you could say, this kid has that biomarker. He does have ADHD and this one does not.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

And in this case, that's just not true. So 20 years ago, there was this belief that there were clear biomarkers, clear indications in the brain in terms of electrical signals or a particular gene that would predict ADHD or differences in the size and shape of certain parts of the brain that you could say, this kid has that biomarker. He does have ADHD and this one does not.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

And as the last couple of decades have gone on, that belief has slowly been undermined so that now there is no clear biomarker for ADHD. And I think most neuroscientists accept that that's the case.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

And as the last couple of decades have gone on, that belief has slowly been undermined so that now there is no clear biomarker for ADHD. And I think most neuroscientists accept that that's the case.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

And as the last couple of decades have gone on, that belief has slowly been undermined so that now there is no clear biomarker for ADHD. And I think most neuroscientists accept that that's the case.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

I do, yeah.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

I do, yeah.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

I do, yeah.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

ADHD can be incredibly disruptive in a child's life, in a family's life, in a classroom. When kids are having trouble sitting still, focusing, getting work done, keeping themselves organized, controlling their impulses, it makes life really difficult. And it especially makes life difficult when you are going to school. A lot of the school day, you've got to sit still, you've got to focus.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

ADHD can be incredibly disruptive in a child's life, in a family's life, in a classroom. When kids are having trouble sitting still, focusing, getting work done, keeping themselves organized, controlling their impulses, it makes life really difficult. And it especially makes life difficult when you are going to school. A lot of the school day, you've got to sit still, you've got to focus.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

ADHD can be incredibly disruptive in a child's life, in a family's life, in a classroom. When kids are having trouble sitting still, focusing, getting work done, keeping themselves organized, controlling their impulses, it makes life really difficult. And it especially makes life difficult when you are going to school. A lot of the school day, you've got to sit still, you've got to focus.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

There's a lot of homework, I know, as a parent. And when you are struggling with impulse control, when you're struggling with attention, those things are really difficult. And I think within families, that often leads to real conflict. And so what originally starts as just a problem in one child's life turns into a problem for a whole family.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

There's a lot of homework, I know, as a parent. And when you are struggling with impulse control, when you're struggling with attention, those things are really difficult. And I think within families, that often leads to real conflict. And so what originally starts as just a problem in one child's life turns into a problem for a whole family.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

There's a lot of homework, I know, as a parent. And when you are struggling with impulse control, when you're struggling with attention, those things are really difficult. And I think within families, that often leads to real conflict. And so what originally starts as just a problem in one child's life turns into a problem for a whole family.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

Yeah, so it is a very tricky disorder to diagnose for a lot of reasons. The first one is that the only way to do it is by using a symptom checklist that is in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. So there's this list of symptoms. If you have six symptoms, you officially have ADHD. If you have five, you don't. There are other criteria. It has to last for a certain amount of time.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

Yeah, so it is a very tricky disorder to diagnose for a lot of reasons. The first one is that the only way to do it is by using a symptom checklist that is in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. So there's this list of symptoms. If you have six symptoms, you officially have ADHD. If you have five, you don't. There are other criteria. It has to last for a certain amount of time.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

Yeah, so it is a very tricky disorder to diagnose for a lot of reasons. The first one is that the only way to do it is by using a symptom checklist that is in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. So there's this list of symptoms. If you have six symptoms, you officially have ADHD. If you have five, you don't. There are other criteria. It has to last for a certain amount of time.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

It has to exist in at least two different settings. But what makes it even more tricky is exactly what you're talking about, that there is great overlap between these symptoms and the symptoms of lots of other things, of early trauma, for instance, of anxiety, of depression.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

It has to exist in at least two different settings. But what makes it even more tricky is exactly what you're talking about, that there is great overlap between these symptoms and the symptoms of lots of other things, of early trauma, for instance, of anxiety, of depression.

Fresh Air
Are Kids With ADHD Being Treated Effectively?

It has to exist in at least two different settings. But what makes it even more tricky is exactly what you're talking about, that there is great overlap between these symptoms and the symptoms of lots of other things, of early trauma, for instance, of anxiety, of depression.