Peter Lee

It's fragile, I'd say.

I mean, in some aspects, we are relatively comfortable in terms of some of the underlying infrastructure, although we're heavily dependent on certain countries, notably the US, and particular large private companies within those jurisdictions.

for a lot of the infrastructure.

I think one of the big challenges now, the new paradigm that we're facing is agentic AI, which increases the threat area, particularly from a cybersecurity perspective for organizations and companies.

And so I would say this is so fast moving.

There aren't many people who really deeply understand this space.

Well, I think the main approach would be to really understand the tech stack that they are operating with, to understand where the fragility in that is and where the reliance on overseas companies are and where your data sovereignty lies.

And then really to try and understand the levers you've got to be able to at least control a bit more of that ecosystem and understand, you know, what if some of that infrastructure becomes unavailable or there's a malicious attack or it goes offline?

How are you going to keep your critical services working?

And that's especially important for security services, but also, you know, health services and everything else.

What I mean when I think about that is the geographical residency or location of the data that you are responsible for.

as a nation, usually that's linked to personal data, which is linked to people's individual rights and the privacy that they can expect.

The jurisprudence and the philosophy behind this is that people have an expectation that they will be able to maintain some privacy

and their personal data will be protected.

And so sovereignty in that context is about ensuring that your citizens can expect that their personal data is going to be respected and is usually kept within country or at least within countries that would not manipulate that or in any way.

Yeah, most people are familiar with generative AI and the large language models that sit underneath those generative AI systems, and they're fantastic for generating content.

Agentic AI is also built upon large language models with certain scaffolding around it, but agents have the ability to

act and perform functions themselves.

And that creates really new opportunities, but it also creates some new risks as well.

You need to be concerned about what that agent can do independently and the sorts of oversights you might need to control that.