Professor Amy Spector

Many parts of the city are still without proper electricity.

And that's quite a strange feeling because you have a city full of lights, all the Christmas decorations, and suddenly you have a totally black city.

But with the latest attack, that's brought additional problems because Odessa is the old city.

So the whole downtown, if you don't have electricity, it means you don't have heating.

Then in many places, it means that you don't have water.

because pumps are working from the electricity as well.

Millions of dollars pour in, but the families never receive the money.

The key factor is that dementia disproportionately affects women.

So even if you account for women living longer, there is a higher incidence of dementia in all age groups in women.

So the oestrogen hypothesis suggests that a loss of oestrogen, which we see in menopause, may have a clear link to dementia.

We often see brain fog.

in middle age.

And there's ideas that this may progress to dementia.

So one of the theories is that therefore, if we replace these missing hormones through HRT, this may reduce dementia later on.

Yes.

And I'm not sure what the rationale for the hypothesis is.

There was some research showing that it might increase the risk of dementia if you give people the hormones too late.

The problem at the moment is that most of the research is observational.

So you'll look at a bunch of women who've got dementia and a bunch of women who don't have dementia and you'll look at how many of them took HRT.

And what we find often in observational studies is that the people without dementia are more likely to have taken HRT.