Professor Josephine Quinn

Scipio, having done quite a bit of damage to the Carthaginians in Spain, he now takes the war to North Africa...

So the Romans actually invade North Africa and Scipio sets fire to a Carthaginian camp near Utica, which is west of Carthage in Tunisia.

They win 203 now.

And Scipio then defeats the Carthaginians in battle.

A Carthaginian force led by another Hasdrubal, I'm afraid, Hasdrubal Jisco.

And at that point, the Carthaginians sue for peace and they try and blame everything on the Barchids.

Of course they do.

So Scipio orders them to withdraw from Gaul, Spain and Italy.

They have to give up their navy, apart from 20 ships, and they have to pay a huge fine.

Now, then it gets a bit tricky.

So they provisionally accept this treaty, but it hasn't been formally signed off.

And at that point, the Council of Carthaginian Elders finally summon Hannibal home to Africa.

Wow.

Yeah, yeah, come home.

And then what happens is that Carthage breaks this, certainly what Rome think is a truce, by looting Roman supply vessels.

Some Roman envoys get attacked by a mob at Carthage.

And the Council of Elders encourages Hannibal to go after Scipio.

And then you have the Battle of Zama, and this is the final big Roman victory in Africa.

There is a final peace treaty, which means that Carthage now can't fight wars outside Africa.

They have to pay 10,000 silver talents.